Kinematics And Electromyography Analyzing For Effecting Of Attentional Focus In Table Tennis

Studies investigating the influence of the learner’s focus of attention, induced byinstructions or dual-task, on motor skill learning are reviewed. In most cases, there are two focusof attention, one is internal focus of attention, another is external. Directing performers’ attentionto external appears to be more beneficial than directing their attention to their own movementsitself (internal focus of attention). There are some applications of conclusion in motor skilltraining in sports and rehabilitative training for people who have disability on movement.This study determined whether differences among the three types of attention and used motioncapture system to manifest at the kinematic level. Less-skilled and highly skilled table tennisplayers participated in three dual-task conditions: the major task is hit back the ball to target, andthe minor task concentrate to the auditor tones(irrelative foci) or the movement body itself（internal foci）or the target(external foci). The outcome findings are in line with the constrainedaction hypothesis. The kinematic results showed why internal focus of attention would damage themotor performance: when performers adopted internal focus of attention, their hitting speedincrease, the period of extending elbow shorten and the coefficient of internal foci adopted byless-skilled performers and the coefficient of external foci adopted by highly-skilled performers isbetter than others.Also, EMG activity（RMS） was reduced when performers adopted an externalfocus. These results suggest improved movement economy with an external focus of attention.In this study verifies the previous research results on the basis of the supplement: take theexternal focus in table tennis backhand receiving task better than the internal focus, not to focusbetter than the same internal focus, have verified the limiting behavior hypothesis. Through sportsmechanics analysis found that the influence of different focus on motor performance, may comefrom a series of action changes: how much time distribution, the difference of speed andmovement coordination. From where the characteristics of high accuracy and low muscleexcitability, it can be seen that the external focus skill to control the influence of the relative to theinternal focus is more economic.