China’s Regional Imbalance Of Educational Resources And The Governance Study

Education is an important foundation for individuals to achieveself-development and social development, is a strong guarantee for therealization of social fairness, also is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation andsustainable development, which means a lot to individuals, society and thewhole nation. As China has a vast territory and abundant resources, there existsmany regional differences, such as regional natural conditions, socialdevelopment, economic base, local government policies etc.. As a result, itcauses the regional imbalance in education development. The regionalimbalance in the education development adverse to the economic and socialdevelopment, resulting in the negative impact to social fairness and justice, thecitizens’ equal rights, national stability and sustainable development.This paper focuses on the unbalanced allocation of educationresources among three regions to illustrate regional imbalance in education.Based on the public goods theory and governance theory as the theoretical foundation, this paper recalls the development of China’s education policychanges, describes the current situation of China’s educational development, andfrom five aspects including total expenditure on education, education per capitafunding for education spending incremental，the proportion of education budgetin GDP and teacher-student ration among the eastern, the middle and thewestern region of our country, shows that regional education development is inan unbalanced situation. From the perspective of "governance theory", using theeducational funds statistical data of1995-2011, this paper illustrates thedifferences of the role and function of the government, individuals and socialorganizations in the process of the unbalanced regional education governance.Government education spending is affected by fiscal decentralization,government incentives and social development, personal education spending isinfluenced by its judgment of education returns, and the difference on regionalsocial organization support on education has an effect on education development.The ending part uses the governance body analysis, combined with the maturemanagement experience in governance of regional education resourcesimbalance from the United States, Britain, Japan and the like, then putsforward several possible improved paths.