Relationship Of Man-land In The Center Region Of The Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based On Coupling Comparison Of Cultivated Lands And Settlements

The Relationship between "people" and "land" is the core of geography. The cultivated land and the settlement is a whole.It is an important reflection of the relationship between human and nature in country and has been the focus of many scholars. Based on the natural background of land bearing capacity difference in the lithology and landform areas, this paper puts forward that the interactions, the response and feedback between people and land are the different in different lithology and landform in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area which reflect the difference of number and the spatial distribution pattern of settlements from the view of man-land relationship, and show different the process and intensity of ecological degradation due to the soil erosion and so on. Therefore, the theory that the diversity and different adaptability of man-land relationship has been formed in different lithology and landform areas of Three Gorges Reservoir Area.This paper takes the settlement on behalf of the "people", the cultivated lands on behalf of the "ground", and chooses the 27 towns of Fengjie County located in the Center Region of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the study case. First of all, the relationship of Man-Land has carried on the questionnaire survey in the study area and has a preliminary understanding to the relationship. On this basis, this article analyzed the essential characteristic of spatial distribution of rural settlements and cultivated lands of 27 townships in Fengjie County in 2012, based on some means of the theory of landscape ecology, GIS, statistical analysis technique and some software, such as Arc GIS9.3, SPSS19.0, Fragstats3.3. At the same time, using the grid method to explore the coupling between the cultivated lands and the settlements, and discuss the reasons for different lithology coupling mode and the status of soil erosion area. Finally, the status of the man-land relationship has been revealed. The result can provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of sloping cultivated land of the Center Region of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the harmonious development of man-land relationship.Here are the main contents and conclusions:(1) Basing on the questionnaire survey of the Waping village and the Tiejia village, the man-land relationship in the study area is that the per capita arable land area is relatively small and the quality of cultivated land is relatively poor; the cultivated land area decreased continuously and the man-land relationship is more prominent; the proportion of the sloping cultivated land is larger and the soil and water loss is serious; the layout of settlements is scattered and the vacancy phenomenon is very common.(2) The spatial distribution of settlements is relatively dense and the area of settlements is larger in the north of the Yangtze River. However, in the south of the Yangtze River, the grown form of distribution is discrete, the distribution of local area is thick, and size is small. In a different lithological, elevation, slope, the range of distancing to river and road, the spatial distribution of settlements is quite different.(3) Cultivated land is given priority to with the sloping cultivated land and centrally distribute in the Yangtze River of the middle of study area, the Zhuyi river and the Meiyi river in the north of study area; The cultivated land in the southern distribute less and centrally distribute in the limestone region of the Moxi river. From the point of view of cultivated land fragmentation, the cultivated land fragmentation of the north of study area is lower than the south of study area and the most serious is the Miaowang village. The values of cultivated land fragmentation exists positive correlation space and local Agglomeration is significant.(4) The study area has a significant positive correlation between cultivated land and settlements. The average distance from the settlement to cultivated land is less than 100 m. When the farming radius is 95.6m in study area, the proportion of actual area of cultivated land within the buffer zone for the total area of arable land is 51.4%. There is a considerable land which is out of reasonable management area. In southern area, the farming radius is less than the north and the actual proportion of cultivated land area within the buffer zone in the south is lower than the northern.(5) The types of coupling relationship between sloping cultivated lands and the settlement is given priority to with the type of less sloping cultivated land and has cultivated land pressure. The soil erosion of the coupling type of more sloping cultivated lands is more serious than other coupling type and has the pressure of cultivated land from grain to green. The man-land relationships of the 27 towns are divided into four types: the salient type of contradiction, the less salient type of contradiction, the less assuasive type of contradiction, the assuasive type of contradiction. Therein, the area with less salient region of contradiction between human and land accounted is the largest. The measures to easing the man-land contradiction should be proposed for the dual problems of cultivated land pressure and pressure of cultivated land from grain to green.