Dietary Pattern And Its Relationship With Physical Function In Elite Athletes

Background:People may tend to choose to eat their own preferable food under the environment of free access to food,to form a relatively stable and recurring dietary behavior characteristics, so the species and quantity of food intake is in relatively stable, which is the dietary pattern. Dietary pattern includes both the structure information of the energy with all kinds of material intake and the time characteristic information of feeding time. One of the most important feature information is extracted and distinguished in large amounts of dietary information, which is dietary pattern recognition. It can make a deeper understanding of the nutrition characteristics of certain groups from the whole point. There is not research of recognition technology athletes food intake structure characteristics from the perspective of the overall pattern, therefore, it is necessary to introduce the pattern recognition technology of sports nutrition research. Purpose:(1) The first chapter analyzes the elite athletes whether have a relatively stable dietary pattern or not through the pattern recognition, and the characteristic information of these dietary pattern;(2) The second chapter discusses possible influencing factors of athletes dietary pattern;(3) The third chapter associates athletes’ dietary pattern with their physical function state and nutrition and biochemical indexes, exploring dietary pattern’s effect to athletes ’physical function state. Method:Choosing68professional athletes, weighing3days of dietary intake accuratly, and calculating energy intake of meals daily by software, and calculating all the vitamins, minerals and amino acids in the food intake. Testing body shape index, and taking on an empty stomach blood biochemical indexes related to motor function in the morning. Using pattern recognition techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), identifing the dietary pattern of athletes, and finding out the main characteristic parameters, then analyzing variance and correlation of characteristic parameters by means of univariate analysis.Results:In the first chapter study, PCA model shows that the athletes dietary pattern can’t distinguish among3days, in relative stability, but it is different among different athletes, embodied in the grains and vegetables food intake habits is relatively stable, but meat and aquatic food intake is not stable, in addition, insufficient intake of breakfast is characteristic factors of athletes’ diet. The second chapter studies the two factors on the gender and sport athletes dietary patterns. According to the results of multivariate analysis, distinguishing between different project athletes dietary pattern of important variable is the huge amounts of nutrients, such as carbohydrates and protein and total energy, as well as some trace nutrients and minerals (potassium, magnesium, vitamin B2, iron, manganese, zinc, etc.), univariate analysis further proves that difference of different project athletes’ grains and livestock consumption has significant meaning. In addition, the key variables that affect different gender athletes dietary pattern are partial amino acid (valine, lysine, leucine, histidine) and protein, as well as some trace nutrients and minerals (niacin, Fe, Mg, zinc, Ca). The third chapter, the phyfical shape and function related to nutrition and biochemical index as the dependent variable, food indicators as independent variables, setting up the OPLS-DA model, founding a affect the body configuration and the state of the body function important nutrients and foods such as dietary patterns in the important information through the model of the variable load and VIP value combined with the correlation analysis, such as animal fats, grains, fruits, high sugar, starch, vegetables, livestock, carbohydrates,as well as zinc, potassium, vitamin C, Nick acid and histidine nutrients are the main factors that influence the athletes’ phyfical shape. There is relationship between types of food and blood biochemical indexes, for example, animal protein intake and hemoglobin is related to the animal protein intake, may influence the oxygen transport capacity of the athletes. Conclusion:(1) Elite athletes have relatively stable dietary pattern, and have individual differences;(2) Sports and gender are the important factors that affect athletes’ dietary pattern, there is different dietary pattern of athletes between different sports and gender, and having their respective characteristics.(3) There is certain correlation between the dietary pattern and phyfical function index of the athletes, the influence of dietary pattern to the elite athletes sport ability deserves further in-depth study. In short, the study has analysis of a large number of diet information by pattern recognition, provided new evidence and new method for the sports nutrition research in the future.