The Exploration Of The Cultivation Of Students’ Historical Consciousness In Senior High School History Teaching

To comply with worldwide trend of the curriculum reform, our country has also madesome revolutionary initiatives in the filed of history education in senior high school. In2003,Ministry of Education issued a "standard of history curriculum in senior high school(experimental)", from the point of content, there was a big chang in presentation of guidingideology, teaching objectives, teaching style and details, which emphasized the importance ofhistorical consciousness for the first time. This has became the new hot spot of our newreform of history curriculum in senior high school.What exactly is the meaning of historical consciousness? Scholars at home and abroadhave different definitions, after consulting literature and books, the author think that thehistorical consciousness firstly is a reflection of the human brain to historical events,historical figures and historical phenomena, the human brain will figure out the causes andconsequences of history with the knowledge it have in the process of recall and recognition.Secondly, the historical consciousness reflects the specific historical space-time view. Thirdly,historical consciousness is reflected in the assessment for a historical event, a historical figureand so on. Fourthly, it is a way of thinking that based on the rational knowledge by analyzing,integrating, judging and organizing the historical materials. Fifthly, historical consciousness isa kind of emotion, attitudes, values.Emphasizing on culviating students’ historical consciousness is an importan part ofhistory teaching in high school. Specifically, culviating students’ historical consciousness hasthe following meanings to history teaching in high school: Firstly, conducive to civiceducation and create a democratic atmosphere for history education. Secondly, encouragestudents to experience the history of nation and world, develop students’ world’sconsciousness and national consciousness. Thirdly, develop and shape positive values toimprove high school students’ personality.In March2013to May, the author take an internship in Xiangcheng middle school inZhangzhou, Fujian. In the end of the internship, the author take a random sample survey in senior grade one, after counting the result, there is a phenomenon that the historicalconsciousness of students is weak. There are many reason to the neglection of historicalconsciousness in high school history teaching, firstly, there is a dispution of the educationalgoals in modern Chinese history education; secondly, the evalution model of history teachingis single and over-over-emphasis on examinations; thirdly, the teaching methodst of teachersare monotonous, the teachers lack of reflection and research capacity; fourthly, the function ofhistory education deficits, especially the function of emotional education.To cultivate students’ historical consciousness in high school history teaching, teachermust strengthen the basic education psychology theory of history, master the psychologicalbasis of history learning, take the research activities about training historical consciousnessof students actively, change history teaching methods, use active teaching to promote studentsto develop historical consciousness, contact life to prompt students to experience life history,make full use of local history curriculum resources to enhance student’s history of emotionalexperience.