Research The Flexible Design On Vitrual Experiment

Virtual experiment is usually displayed in the form of demonstration or verification and the teaching operation should be established in accordance with the experimental procedure step by step. But the learner’s negligence, mistakes, memory biases and cognitive defects of knowledge construction will lead to errors in the operation of virtual experiment. Once a step wrong, the system will face three situations:continue to run, slow response and termination of execution. For the crypticity of learners’misoperation, even if some of the experimental systems can continue to run, the learners tend to transfer false experience and operating habits to the real experiment imperceptibly if no feedback is presented by the system, which will surely affect the implement of real experiments. Slow response or stop show experiment systems’bad performance on fault tolerance, which will affect learners’enthusiasm and learning validity without corresponding remedy mechanism.Originated from the field of architectural design, flexible design can meet the needs of users for space and structure properties of building, ensuring its properties such as elasticity, adjustability, flexibility, variability and so on to cater to users’changing requirements for function. Applying the idea of flexible design to virtual experiment calls for designer’s resilient thinking style during the process of design and development of courseware or products, so that the courseware and products will be embodiments of tolerance, flexibility, elasticity, flexibility and scalability. Then meet learners’needs for optional learning path and other changing demands in accordance with the objective conditions. Leaving moderate elastic space for the design of virtual experiment will improve adverse consequences which caused by learners’errors and lethe.The flexible design of virtual experiment is an integration of Japanese designer Shigeo Shingo’s theory of "Poka-Yoke", American designer William Li dwell’s forgiveness design principle and Simon Brown’s design principle of scalability. We collect and summarize research status and significance of virtual experiment design and flexible design at home and abroad. Based on the related theories of Flexibility-Usability Tradeoff principle, design psychology, behavioral psychology and cognitive psychology, we separate out the connotation of flexible design for virtual experiment. Through the study above, we propose virtual experiment flexible design should meet hierarchy of needs for design and user experience.The author gives principles and uses System Dynamics to analyze the practicability of flexible design of virtual experiment. The author builds a flexible design model for virtual experiment. After that we analyze the main module of it, for example, the "Poka-Yoke" module contains elimination, detection, mitigation, replacement and simplification; the "Foegiveness" module contains fault tolerance, affordance, reversibility, safety net, warning, tips and confirmation; the "Scalability " module contains partition, caching, automation and some special effects such as hide/highlight, fade in/out, slide/sliding out and zoom in/out, additionally, we can added some other functions such as camera and recycle bin in the scalability sub module. Flexible design of virtual experiment mainly aims at promoting fault tolerance, mistake proofing and error correction function of virtual experiment and increasing good feedback, adding enjoyments which similar with smart phones. Taking the experiment "disassembly and assembly of the gear pump" which picked from the engineering machinery basic course "composite detection of geometric accuracy’s effect on mechanical properties" as a case, we design a virtual experiment with the guide of flexible design theory.The paper is consist of five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction:in this part we mainly state the research background.we get research status of virtual experiment and the embodiment of flexible design through searching and reading research literature at home and abroad, then we refine out the current problems in virtual experiment and illustrate the research idea, research method and significance of this paper, present its structure at the same time.The second chapter is the related concepts and theoretical basis of research. On the basis of the concept of the flexibility and flexible design, we combine the connotation and research category of virtual experiment of flexible design; through the Poka-Yoke and Flexibility-Usability Tradeoff design rule, the related theory of cognitive and behavior and design psychology to guide the flexible design of virtual experiment:first, Poka-Yoke theory master operation errors of the flexible design of the virtual experiment, and mainly prevent error; second, Flexibility-Usability Tradeoff not only considers the bearing capacity of the virtual experiment system but also combine with of design principles of learner centered; third, the explanations of cognitive,behavior and design psychology help to inspire virtual experiment design in term of adjustment,variability and scalability etc.The third chapter is the flexible design of the virtual experiment, which should meet and follow hierarchy of design needs and improve the user experience level and give the relationship of each other.The author promotes fault tolerance, mistake proofing and error correction function of virtual experiment based this; according to the operation error factors characterizing practibility of flexible design of virtual experiment and analyzing the flexible design of practicability’s driving system by System Dynamics, because of users’errors and negligence; analyzing the virtual experiment of flexible design principles we should follow according to the literature:Forgiveness, multiple paths,Ockham’s Razor, lower labor, strate and bounce and so on; we combine with the virtual experiment elements to construct the flexible design model, and analyze three major categories: Poka-Yoke, forgiveness, scalability and each module’ constitutes and meanings.The author puts forward how "Poka-Yoke" and forgiveness works,of course,the author also analyses how virtual experiment to make partition and collocation.The fourth chapter is the case empirical part, because the learners often make mistakes when they assemble and dismantle gear pump in pratice,I take assemble and dismantle gear pump in the "the comprehensive test of geometric precision affecting the mechanical properties "as flexible design case in the virtual experiment. We analyze experiment content and learner’ characteristics; describe the general design process in flexible design of virtual experiment; produce the assembly and diassembly gear pumps virtual experiments combining with flexible design concept.The fifth chapter is a conclusion and prospect of this research:making stage summary, refining innovation, stating the prospect and follow-up study.