The Characteristics And Educational Suggestions Of Forgiveness In Primary School Students

Forgiveness,as one of the important research topics of moral psychology,means that the offended person eliminates the negative cognition,emotion and behavior towards the offended person and replaces it with positive cognition,emotion and behavior.Forgiveness has rich social and cultural connotation.At present,it is not clear about the specific situation of Chinese primary school students' understanding of forgiveness,and affected by social cognitive ability,primary school students' understanding of forgiveness may have age differences.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the development of primary school students' understanding of forgiveness before studying the development level of primary school students' forgiveness.Previous studies have shown that the forgiveness development level of primary school students is affected by age and interpersonal relationship,but the research on the age difference of forgiveness development level has not obtained consistent results,which may be related to the relationship between the offender and the offended.Therefore,this study will further explore the age difference and interpersonal relationship difference of primary school students.In addition,forgiveness education includes forgiveness cognitive education,forgiveness emotional education and forgiveness behavior education.In China's traditional moral education,it mainly focuses on moral cognition and behavior education and ignores emotional education.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the cognitive,emotional and behavior development of primary school students in the face of different types of offenses in order to improve forgiveness education.This study takes the students in grade 2 and grade 5 of primary school as the research object,and the research method is clinical interview.The purpose of study 1 was to understand the development of pupils' understanding of forgiveness;On this basis,study 2 further explored the impact of age and interpersonal relationship on Pupils' forgiveness level,and made a specific analysis from the three dimensions of forgiveness cognition,forgiveness emotion and forgiveness behavior.In Study 1,the subjects were asked to orally answer their understanding of "forgiveness" and analyze the answers to determine the development of pupils' understanding of forgiveness.The results show that:(1)primary school students mostly understand forgiveness as "reconciliation";(2)There are significant age differences in the understanding of forgiveness between grade 2 and grade 5 pupils.Study 2 used two self-made story situations to explore the development characteristics of forgiveness cognition,emotion and behavior in peer injury situation and parent injury situation.Adopt 2(grade: grade 2,grade 5)× 2(interpersonal relationship: peer,parent-child)was designed to investigate the effects of grade and interpersonal relationship on Pupils' forgiveness cognition,forgiveness emotion and forgiveness behavior;One way repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in the development level of forgiveness cognition,emotion and behavior in peer injury situation and parent injury situation.The results show that:(1)the level of forgiveness cognition and forgiveness behavior of fifth grade pupils is significantly higher than that of second grade pupils,but the grade difference of forgiveness emotion level is not significant;(2)In peer injury situation and parent injury situation,pupils' forgiveness cognition,emotion and behavior level of parents are significantly higher than that of peers,and there are significant differences in the development level of forgiveness cognition,emotion and behavior;(3)The scores of forgiveness behavior were significantly higher than those of forgiveness cognition and forgiveness emotion,and the score of forgiveness emotion was the lowest.According to the results of this study,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)the second grade primary school students mostly understand forgiveness from the perspective of conditional forgiveness,and the fifth grade primary school students mostly understand forgiveness as ignoring injury events,but they don't really understand its meaning;(2)Compared with peer injuries,primary school students are more willing to treat their parents' injuries with positive cognition,emotion and behavior,and the development level of forgiveness cognition,emotion and behavior is unbalanced.Among them,there is no significant age difference in the dimension of forgiveness,and the students in grade 2 and grade 5 of primary school are at a low level.