Study On Activity Of Private School Teachers In Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty was a very developed period of school education in Chinese ancient history. Under the effect of restraining force of policy in the national literacy, it formed learning atmosphere. Both public schools and private schools got fully developed, which made great contribution to the dissemination of culture and the cultivation of talents in the Song Dynasty. Private school teachers made great contributions to the development of education, the cultivation of talents and the communication of culture. Private school teachers both are famous scholars, but also ordinary scholar; both are unwilling to be an official, also have retired officials. Although they were from different classes or they have different purposes to be a teacher, they have many common points. For example, as for teaching, they were eager to learn and teach through lively activity, which highlighted them as a scholar model. In family life, they paid attention to look after the older people and respect their spouses, which highlighted moral cultivation of teachers. In terms of social life, they communicated with different people and practiced the old saying of Confucious, "Among any three people, there must be one who can be my teacher." They actively participated in teaching activities to make the folk customs unsophisticated. In terms of political life, although they lived in countryside, they still concerned about the national affairs, which showed a high degree of responsibility. The quality they embodied, not only effected the current society, but also the later generations. This is a study in such context to study the lives of private school teachers, trying to through induction and consolidation of this particular group’s life, to summarize their common points and analyze their spiritual realm and the pursuit of value, so as to provide reference to current teachers. This study is divided into five parts.The first part is the private study and private teachers. It is from three parts to explore the historical background of the Song Dynasty private study’s development, including the cultural and educational policy issued by the government, economic status of society and the completement of the imperial examination system. In this context, it analyzes the reasons why private school teachers teaches, which lays the foundation for later analysis of private school teachers.The second part is their teaching and school life. Teaching and research is the main part of their life. This part focuses on analyzing their rich and colorful teaching content and teaching methods which are not stick to one pattern. They will teach rigorously, writing and storing many books in academic life.The third part is their family life. Family life is an important part of daily life, it is a space where a person fully reflect the true nature and it is also a place where you can practice Confucian ethics. This part is by exploring how they get along with their family, their standard when choose their spouse and their relationship between them to taste the character of private teachers.The fourth part is social life. Through their exchanged activities, social education activities and political activities to reveal their richness of life.The fifth part is life characteristic enlightment. Through summarizing the characteristics of teachers and contacting with reality to analyze the enlightenment of private school teachers in Song Dynasty to the construction of modern teachers.