The Preliminary Study Of Triaxiality Of Human Settlements

In the past several decades, China experienced reform and the opening up of the economy and society, acceleration of urbanization, at the same time, the emergency of complex issues in urban and regional is always existing, there is a pressing need to revisit the traditional concept and academic practices concerning human settlement. Human settlements are the earth’s surface space which is closely related to human activities, human culture. Based on a review of domestic scholars’ research on human settlements, we attempt to adopt geographic scale division in the research of human settlements, and we systematically summarize the connotation, research contents, research subjects and research methods in different geographic scale of human settlements, as well as the correlation studies of human settlements and other disciplines. It is made as an overall view that: ①The research direction of human settlements increasingly integrated, systematic, microstructure; ②The data collection, data acquisition, model method of human settlements increasingly modern, information technology, virtualization; ③At the same time, there are also some shortcomings, such as the concept of different geographic scale of human settlements are not uniform, the study of process mechanism of human settlements is inadequate. Accordingly we proposed some research trends and future perspective for the study on geographic scale of human settlements.The conventional urban-rural dualistic structure of human settlements is formed for the long-term existence of dual structure in urban and rural. In this paper, the triaxiality of human settlements is proposed, and methods of standard transformation entropy weight, systematic cluster and dimensionality reduction factor analysis in SPSS are applied to measure and calculate habitable degree of human settlements, in order to demonstrate the existence of the inner triaxiality of human settlements in microscopic scale of the same unit, and a case study about space-time evolution, system properties and formation mechanism of triaxiality of human settlements is made on 10 districts(counties) in Dalian(2002-2011). The result shows that:(1)Human settlements present a triaxiality on the spatial evolution, that is, cell division of human settlements is not absolutely dominated by administrative division, the distribution of the number of districts(counties) in different units of human settlements tends to be balanced, and there is three-level spatial differentiation existing in human settlements, the core area of the human settlements is not dominant in cell division of human settlements.(2)Human settlements also presents triaxiality in different periods of the spatial evolution, specifically, the fluctuations of the habitable degree of human settlements is relatively stable in Dalian for the 10 years, and there is just a slight decrease, besides, the phase difference is distinct.(3)The attributes of human settlements system also have the feature of triaxiality, as it is shown that, there is systems differentiation and regional differences within same human settlement unit.(4) Industrialization and urbanization caused the partial disorganization of the urban-rural dualistic structure, and economic structure, social structure, living environment, lifestyle changed correspondingly, and this disorganization finally results in the triaxiality of human settlements.