The Effect Of Regular Exercise On Aging Rats Soleus Apoptosis And Autophagy And It’s Signal Regulation

Object: To explore the stress resilience mechanisms of skeletal muscle fibers in the rheological ageing for preventing senile muscle recession and to provide the related research data.Methods: In this study, 6-month-old, 16-month-old and25-month-old specific pathogen free(SPF) male Sprague-Dawley Rat(SD) rats were divided into young(Y-SED), middle-aged(M-SED) and old-aged(O-SED) sedentary control group, and the corresponding Y-EX, M-EX and O-EX in the aerobic exercise runner group. The 10-weeks of regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention was carried out in the aerobic exercise runner group. TUNEL assay and HE staining was used for observing apoptosis index. Western Blot was performed to screen and verify the related signal pathways for the autophagy and apoptosis molecular mechanisms.Results: 1) The stereology of soleus muscle fiber bundle and density can be improved and the SOD expression level was also promoted in regular aerobic exercise with aging. 2) Apoptosis was increased in all age group rats soleus, The result shows an increased-trend with increasing rheological properties, and the figure of apoptosis index was increased respectively by7.55% and 20.26%(Ρ<0.05) and 14.52%(Ρ<0.05) in all age rats in regular aerobic exercise. 3) LC-III autophagy gene wasreduced with the age trend in each sedentary group, but LC-III were significantly increased( Ρ<0.01) in regular aerobic exercise all age rats, LC-III were increased with age-trend in each age group. 4) Compared with the corresponding control groups, the expression of autophagy factor Beclin1 were significantly increased(Ρ<0.05) in regular aerobic exercise in all age rats, in which the Y- EX was increased the significantly most significantly(Ρ<0.01), but the expression level of Beclin1 in each age group was presented in decreasing trend.5) Compared with Y- SED group, the expression level of PGC-1 alpha and CaMK II alpha in M- SED group were increased,but the expression level of PGC-1 alpha and alpha CaMK II in O-SED group was decreased more significantly(Ρ<0.01) than in the two groups of Y-SED and M-SED. Compared with the sedentary control group, the expression level PGC-1 alpha was increased in the group Y-EX and M-EX, but the expression level of CaMK II alpha was decreased significantly. Compared with O-SED group,the expression level of PGC-1 alpha and CaMK II alpha were considerably increased(Ρ<0.01, Ρ<0.05).Conclusions: 1) Cell autophagy and apoptosis in the soleus were changed in regular aerobic exercise in age rats trend and the balance and stability of cell autophagy and apoptosis may influence the development of aging.2) The balance and stability of cell autophagy and apoptosis may be involved in regulating and adjusting by stimulating the expression of beclin1, PGC-1alpha and CaMK II alpha signaling pathways in the regular aerobic exercise. It is conducive to the soleus biological function and improve skeletal muscle ageing.