The Construction Of "The Physical Activity Guidelines For Adults With Intellectual Disabilities" Based On ICF

With the progress of the times and the development of social civilization, people’s attitude towards people with disabilities has also changed a series of changes: Not approved, compassion, acceptance, pay close attention. With the civilized degree relatively developed, occupy disabled a larger proportion of mental retardation also recognized by the society, also caused the attention of a group of scholars. They are trying to help it better adapt to society through their own research, to improve their quality of life. It’s an indisputable fact that the intellectual disabilities lack of the necessary and regular physical activity. The purpose of this study is to construct a manuscript which will help users understand the physical, mental characteristics and requirements of adults with intellectual disabilities, evaluate their health status, organize their training, physical activity and the matters needing attention in the training. It also can help the users independent organize the physical activity training of adults with intellectual disabilities, to improve and enhance their activity to participate in the performance and ability.This study used the literature material method, interview and investigation method, measuring method and case method. This study based the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health(ICF),which is a global and universal health classification standards, through a large number of literature reading, understanding the physical and psychological characteristics of adults with mental retardation and the effective health promotion means and methods; through the test, understand the physical health condition of adults with intellectual disabilities; through in-depth "sunshine home" observation, interviewing adults with intellectual disabled and disabled workers to understand the restriction factors of adults with intellectual disabilities participate in physical activity. And finally, the physical activity guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities is completed. Then, the Special Olympics volunteer practice group member(volunteer) of Shanghai University of Sports and the part of the "Sunshine Home" of Shanghai City disabled workers used the physical activity guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities to physical activity training with adults with intellectual disabled in Sunshine Home. The main research results are as follows:(1) Through the 2011 and 2013 the level of physical health test for part of the "sunshine home" intellectually disabled adults and found that their health problems worrying: high overweight and obesity rates, serious ageing, muscle strength, flexibility, decline in level has significant difference. Sedentary lifestyle is caused by one of the main factors to their health. And they are not involved in long-term, systematic physical activity,on the one hand, from their own factor is their own intellectual impairment; on the other hand, the limited from their surrounding environment,include the lack of facilities, lack of physical activity programs, caregivers lack of professional sports knowledge factors.(2) The theory of "the physical activities guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities ". The theoretical concept of ICF has established the theoretical foundation for the physical activity guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities: "the ecological theory of human development", "the theory of sports health promotion", " adaption physical education". According to the definition of ICF, the core term of intellectual disability adults were defined, and the most effective way to improve the physical activity of adults with mental retardation is to carry out appropriate exercise. According to the interactive mode of ICF, the performance and ability of the activities of adults with mental retardation are improved as the "the physical activities guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities ".(3) The practice of "the physical activities guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities ". The physical activity guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities is to promote healthy adults with intellectual disabilities circulation patterns based, by "health diagnosis- the program design(intervention)- feedback" three processes to achieve. In the physical activity guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities. The health diagnosis includes the ICF individual record table, simple fitness testing index and method, functional assessment scale and ICF chart record table. Users can according to requirements to choose the right method of diagnosis, based on the needs of persons with intellectual disabilities and psychological characteristics and the surrounding environmental factors, training scheme mainly includes single action, moving the action, aerobics, dance movements, sports games, stretching movements and the illustrations under the pictures. Effect feedback emphasizes that the users need to use the same method with the health diagnosis, and to determine whether the activity plan should be adjusted according to the results.(4) "Sunshine home" disabled workers and volunteers through the physical activities guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities apply to physical activity training for adults with intellectual disabilities. The results show that the physical activities guidelines for adults with intellectual disabilities is simple and easy to operate.