The Correlation Between Physical Activity,Screen Time And Physical Fitness Of Students With Intellectual Disability

Purpose:The relevant departments in China have formulated different standards for physical fitness tests for students in school,especially the physical health of students in school,but there are few policies related to the physical health of students with intellectual disabilities.Studies have shown that the physical fitness of intellectual disabilities students in China is obviously behind that of normal students of the same age.Studies have pointed out that moderate physical activity is the cornerstone of health and plays an important role in maintaining normal weight and physical fitness.However,the data show that students with intellectual disabilities in China actually participate in physical exercise for a short period of time and have low physical activity levels.On the other hand,the longer screen time may be another factor affecting the physical health of students with intellectual disabilities,but at present,there are few studies on screen time of intellectual disabilities students in China.Few studies have explored the effects of physical activity and screen time on the physical health of students with intellectual disabilities.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to measure the physical activity level,screen time and physical fitness of intellectual disabilities students,and to analyze the relationship between physical activity level,screen time and physical fitness,so as to provide preliminary evidence for clarifying the impact of physical activity and screen time on the physical fitness of students with intellectual disabilities,and to provide reference for the development of targeted interventions in the future.Method:In this study,106 students with intellectual disabilities aged 8-18 years were recruited as subjects,Parents completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire for older children.The final score(continuous variable)calculated based on the scores of each item reflected their children physical activity level.The physical activity level category is divided into low physical activity level(PAQ<2)?medium physical activity level(2<PAQ<3),and high physical activity level(PAQ>3);the target screen time of the study is also reported by the parents.The screen time category is divided into less than 2 hours per day and more than or equal to 2 hours per day;the physical fitness of subject,including body shape,body function and body fitness,is measured by the researcher to the subject.Independent sample T test was used to compare the differences of physical fitness indicators between different gender and different screen time.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between physical activity scores and physical fitness test results of the subjects.Result:The study finally obtained 100 valid data for students with intellectual disabilities,including 65 boys and 35 girls,with an average age of 12.09±2.68 years.The proportion of subjects with low level of physical activity was 31.3%,the average score of PAQ wasl.61 ±0.24,a moderate physical activity level of 50%,PAQ average score of 2.52±0.28,and a high physical activity level of 18.8%,the PAQ average score was 3.38 ± 0.20.Among the subjects,8.2%had no screen time,17.3%had less than one hour per day,22.4%had one hour per day,26.5%had two hours per day,9.2%had three hours per day,and 8.2%had four hours or more per day.The physical fitness of the study subjects,the overweight and obesity detection rates of boys with intellectual disabilities were 12.3%and 30.8%,respectively;the overweight and obesity detection rates of girls with intellectual disabilities were 20%and 17.1%,respectively.Subjects age group 16-18 had significant difference(P<0.05)between the height of boys and girls,age group 12-15 had significant difference(P<0.05)between the sit and reach of boys and girls.There is a significant difference in the amount of forced vital capacity between boys in different screen time categories:those with less than 2 hours of screen time per day are higher than or equal to 2 hours before the screen(1.75±0.91L VS 1.271.27±0.58L,P<0.05).There were significant differences in BMI among different types of screen time among female students:BMI of those whose screen time was greater than or equal to 2 hours per day was greater than screen time was less than 2 hours per day(22.67±7.79 VS 18.12±3.52(P<0.05).There is a moderate negative correlation between physical activity score and BMI of female students.(r=-0*371?P<0.05).Conclusion:81.3%of the subjects had low and medium physical activity,52.0%had more than or equal to 2 hours before screen every day.Compared with normal students of the same age,the prevalence of overweight(15%)and obesity(26%)was higher in students with intellectual disabilities.For boys with intellectual disability the screen time is greater than or equal to 2 hours,the lung capacity is less than the screen time is less than 2 hours,and the girls' screen time is greater than or equal to 2 hours.The BMI value is greater than the screen time less than 2 hours.The physical activity score of girls was negatively correlated with BMI.The higher the physical activity score of girls,the smaller the BMI value.