The Study On Pupil’s Academic Engagement And The Influence Factors In The Smart Classroom Environment

In recent years, along with the development of the application of mobile technology, more and more governments, schools and researchers have begun to focus on the new changes created by mobile technology. In the stage of the primary and secondary education, one of the great innovations is "the Smart Classroom", which is applied in the teaching innovation practice. "The Smart Classroom" has gradually caught the attention of teachers and researchers because of its digital teaching environment. "The Smart Classroom" makes the one-on-one instruction between teachers and students come true, changes the teacher’s teaching methods, and enriches the students’ learning styles.Previous studies have shown that in the classroom, students’ academic engagement has very important meaning to the students’ academic achievements. Therefore, this study which is based on the project of the Key Laboratory of network psychology and behavior of the Ministry of Education named "Research on the impact of mobile learning on students’ knowledge construction and innovation ability based on APT" (project number:2014C04) takes the primary students who come from different classes in grade 5 and 6 of the Primary School of Huazhong University of Science and Technology as the experimental object, using the research methods, such as questionnaire survey, interview, classroom observation to explore the current situation of students’ academic engagement in the environment of the Smart Classroom and the influence of the self-efficiency, the cognitive load, the technology acceptance and the sense of relatedness to students’ academic engagement.According to the empirical investigation data and analysis results of this study, the main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) In the environment of the Smart Classroom, elementary student’s classroom academic engagement presented in good condition, showing a high level of positive behavior and positive emotional engagement.(2) In the environment of the Smart Classroom, the perception of teachers about students’ academic engagement was not accurate, with the condition that teachers generally overestimated the emotional engagement and underestimated the negative engagement.(3) In the environment of the Smart Classroom, the negative engagement of students happened sometimes. Among the negative behaviors, the distraction happened most. The disengagement behavior had a certain differences in gender, with the condition that the frequency of boys’ disengagement behavior was far more than that of girls’.(4) The iPads caused negative influence on students’ classroom academic engagement. And among those disengagement behaviors, playing iPads happened most.(5) The students’self-efficacy, sense of relatedness had significant effect on students’classroom academic engagement, and Technology acceptance, the cognitive load had influenced the positive engagement of students.(6) There existed certain differences among different kinds of courses, and the student emotional engagement of the comprehensive course was higher than that of basic courses.(7) The assessment methods, pedagogical modes and technology chosen by teachers had some certain effects on the student academic engagement.At last, on the basis of the research conclusion, some opinions and suggestions about improving the students’ academic engagement were proposed to provide useful references to the classroom teaching practice and related research.