A Study On Agricultural Cooperative Movement In Heshui, Gansu Province

Agricultural cooperative movement has its important significance in the historyof China’s agricultural development, it is the new China after land reform experiencedan important land change, it makes the China for thousands of years of privateownership of rural land and small-scale peasant economy condition changed, alsomakes the operation and management system of the private ownership of the means ofproduction in countryside realized historic change. Nevertheless it has its historicalinevitability, because by the set up of the communist party of China under theguidance of Marxism, after taking power must according to its guiding theory totransform existing society, agricultural cooperative movement is the concretemanifestation of theory to guide practice.The history background of Heshui County of Gansu Province had three aspects,the first is Heshui County got to revolution earlier than the other local regions, in theearly stage of the Anti-Japanese War as theOffering filling area of the red army ofshanbei area, belongs to the shensi-kansu-ningsia border region; the second is HeshuiCountydepended on the revolutionary forces, in a certain range finished the landreform early than other regions; the third is the polarized phenomena appeared in thecountryside. Of course, in addition to the first two was special, the third is consistentwith the rest of the country.Agricultural cooperative movement of Heshui country under the strongleadership of the communist party of China, has experienced the peer support,primary agricultural production cooperatives and advanced agricultural productioncooperatives. Peer support begin with1950and come to an end in1952, the authorwill set up the setting time of the first Zhao Tie primary agricultural productioncooperatives regard as the end time of the peer support, in fact, peer support hasbeen there. Primary agricultural production cooperatives from the end of1952to theend of1955, after the construction of the primary agricultural productioncooperatives, fruits of labour is characterized by labor and land according to theproportion of share out bonus, primary agricultural production cooperatives becomes a socialist labor organization. advanced agricultural production cooperativesestablished since the end of1955until the end of1957, once it was established, themeans of production is given priority to with land collectivization, cancelled the landdividends, in the allocation of implemented the principle of “from each according tohis ability,to each according to his work” Discussed in the process of advancedagricultural production cooperatives, the author use the original documents, focus onxinmin, a senior agricultural production cooperatives four rows of the contractor,make a production contract, investment to reproduce such links of their productionhistory.In common with the whole nation, Heshui country experience reorganization by their peer support, primary agricultural production cooperatives and senior agriculturalproduction cooperatives, consolidation Mainly from these aspects: cadre unity, accounting records, etc, rectification make the development of the agricultural cooperativemovement very healthy progress, this process shows that the problems and the solution will provide reference for today’s “SAN Nong”problems..