The Analysis Of Arable Land Use Characteristics Of Farmers And Its Influence Factors In The Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Cultivated land is the material basis for the human survival and development. Farmers are the main body of cultivated land resource utilization in China, which will be kept for a long time in the future. The farmer’s land use decisions directly impact on the cultivated land quality. The utilization and protection of cultivated land resource will face a more complicated and difficult choices than any other countries. In this situation, the research of arable land use is of great significance for the sustainable development of the whole society.With poor water and soil resources, high and steep mountains, the three gorges reservoir area and its land use have been widely concerned by government and academic. Owning the typical characteristic of the three gorges reservoir area, Zhenxi of Fuling area is chose as the research area. Peasant household survey, statistical analysis and the binomial Logistic regression analysis are used to explore the characteristics of different types of farmers of arable land use decisions and to analyze the influence factors of different types of farmers in this research, and then the impact equation is identified. In the end, we discuss the countermeasures and suggestions on the sustainable use of arable land in the three gorges reservoir area.We get181valid questionnaires by the survey of200peasant households in Zhenxi of Fuling area. The effective rate of questionnaire is90.5%. To discuss the characteristics and influencing factors of different types of farmers of arable land use, we build theoretical model of some characteristic factors, these characteristic factors include peasant household, incomings and outgoings, cultivated land resource, policy system arrangement. Characteristic factors of peasant household include family’s population, the number of agricultural labor, number of non-agricultural labor, the average age of agricultural labor and the highest level of education of agricultural labor. Characteristic factors of incomings and outgoings of the family include the whole incomings, the land income, migrant workers income, the whole spending, agricultural expenditure, the cost of living expenses and education spending. Characteristic factors of cultivated land resource include quantity of cultivated land, multiple crop index, quality of cultivated land. Characteristic factors of policy system arrangement include planting subsidies, subsidies on returning farmland to forest, whether immigrants and occupied cultivated land. SPSS18.0was used to do some statistical analysis and the binomial Logistic regression analysis on three types of farmers’arable land use. The model of the binomial Logistic regression analysis was built to discuss the influence factors of transformation of farmers type, and we presented some related suggestions in the end. The main conclusion of the research is listed as follows:(1) The factors that have significant influence on farmers that demand for food include the wage income, agricultural expenditure, multiple crop index. Farmers usually do farm work for food if they can earn more wage incom; Relative to the other farmers, farmers that demand for food have lower intensity of input and use.(2) The factors that have significant influence on farmers that demand for both food and profit include wage income, agricultural acreage, multiple crop index, planting subsidy and whether immigrants, among them, wage income has significant influence more than20%. Farmers tend to do farm work for food and profits, if planting subsidy is high. As immigrants, farmers are more inclined to do farm work for food and profits. Farmers tend to do farm work for other purpose, if they can earn more money as migrant workers and they own more land. The farmers that demand for both food and profits usually have higher multiple crop index.(3) The factors that have significant influence on farmers that demand for profit include the highest level of education of agricultural labor, the land income, wage income, the whole spending, agricultural expenditure, the cost of living expenses, education spending, quantity of cultivated land, quality of cultivated land and planting subsidy. Among them, quality of cultivated land has significant influence more than20%. Farmers tend to do farm work for profits, if the highest level of education of agricultural labor, the land income, agricultural expenditure, the cost of living expenses, education spending, quantity of cultivated land and quality of cultivated land are high. Farmers tend to do farm work for other purpose, if they can earn more money as migrant workers and the whole spending and planting subsidy are high.(4) The factors that have significant influence on farmers that demand for both food and profit changed to demand for profit,include the highest level of education of agricultural labor, the land income, wage income, the whole spending, agricultural expenditure, the cost of living expenses, education spending, quantity of cultivated land, quality of cultivated land and planting subsidy. Among them, education spending and quality of cultivated land have significant influence more than20%. Farmers tend to do farm work for profits, if the highest level of education of agricultural labor, the land income, agricultural expenditure, the cost of living expenses, education spending, quantity of cultivated land and quality of cultivated land are high. Farmers tend to do farm work for other purpose, if they can earn more money as migrant workers and the whole spending and planting subsidy are high. In conclusion, as the main body of cultivated land resource utilization, farmers have significant influence on the land use. Their land use behavior and purpose directly determines the efficiency and sustainability of land use. It determines total agricultural production and speed of economic growth. In this case, one should pay more attention to the farmers’main body status on land use. In addition, their farming purpose and requirements should draw more attention. Only in this way, can we improve the enthusiasm of farmers and achieve the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources.