Design And Analysis The Economic Benefit Of The Upland Rice Mechanization In Mountainous Area

In recent years, the problem of seasonal drought in southern China such as Yunnan province is increasingly serious, which lead to part of the paddy rice in Hilly and mountainous area cannot plant effectively. Food security in this region can not be effectively protected, it has become a major regional issues. Rice is one of the major food crops in our country, including paddy rice and upland rice. The paddy rice mechanized planting is more common and have higher yield, but it only suitable for planting in irrigation conditions which is rich in water resource. In contrast of the paddy rice, upland rice have the characteristics of water-saving and drought-resistant, which is suitable to grow in dry places, mostly in hilly and mountain area. The upland rice widely used traditional manual planting form, and only minority step using agricultural machine, which cause a large labor intensity and low production. Owe to the paddy rice and upland rice have similar agricultural traits and the wheat is non-flood plants as dry rice, and the paddy rice and wheat have realized the entire mechanized planting, it can provide feasibility reference for upland rice mechanized planting. Because of the upland rice have large intensity and low production, to ensure food security of mountainous area, it is an important measure to extend practical cultivation mechanized technology of upland rice.Upland rice is a food crop which have strong drought resistance and less water requirement characteristics. Existing research mostly focus on upland rice cultivation in traditional farming methods and improve technique in specific aspect. Research point of this article is the overall transformation of the upland rice planting, and including the feasibility analysis of the new form. The purpose of this study is adopting the field survey method, and using reference from MangShi paddy production method and the wheat mechanized planting process. This paper aim to fill the blank in upland rice mechanized planting methods in domestic and overseasas well as analyze the economic benefits of upland rice mechanized production, to put forward an production process of upland rice.The main conclusions are as follows: First, in the process of research found that applying mechanical to upland rice production in the process of planting improve output value a lot, and the mechanical contribution rate is26.9%. It can state using machinery in the upland rice planting process can largely improve the yield and income. Then by comparing the hypothesis,the assume is divied into three groups:whole machinery plant, part machinery plant and all hand plant. Then it has carried on the empirical analysis, the mechanical plant can achieve12.38%growth, at the same time it shows that degree of mechanization and increasing the income of planting into significant positive correlation, the results of regression is related conclusions.Second, in the specific process of mechanized rice qualitative analysis, according to the survey data and related research, and use reference from the cultivation of paddy rice and wheat. The soil preparation, planting, field management and harvesting part recommend shandong Chang Lin1gz6tillage machine, small single hand push type multi-functional machine, electric spray machinery and xinyuan mini harvester. These main characteristic are flexible, low light, suitable for hilly mountainous upland rice cultivation and saving time, improving efficiency.Third, the design of upland rice mechanization planting can be used as a method of reference of the development of the upland rice. Using the technical and economic analysis, this method cannot only improve the yield of upland rice per unit area, increase farmer’s income, but also can release part of the labor force, achieve the goal of structural adjustment of rural labor force, which also is the inevitable trend of modern agricultural development.According to the conclusion, this article from three levels to put forward the proposal:the government, machinery research and development and promotion, including increasing the upland rice agriculture machinery in hilly mountainous research, development and promotion, increasing subsidies to purchase upland rice planting machine, setting up relevant mechanized planting process specification standard, strengthen the agricultural infrastructure construction and farmers based education level, etc.