Research On Protecting The Interests Of Peasants Who Lost Their Lands In The Old City Reconstruction Of Qingyang Street, Fushan

It has been30years since China’s urbanization rose in the eightiesof last century. In the process, a total of nearly50million farmers losttheir land. Because a large area of land is requisitioned due tourbanization and industrialization, many metropolises have emergedrapidly and many skyscrapers have mushroomed. While the interests ofnumerous farmers who lost their land suffered losses in contrast to theexterior prosperity. Exploiting some loopholes such as unsound landrequisition system, unclear ownership of land and so on in the process ofurbanization, the organizations requisitioning the land buy low and sellhigh but not give a fair and reasonable compensation to landless peasants.Landless peasants are always in a weak state without participation rightand the right to speak. Usually, the government takes on a one-timemonetary compensation to landless peasants, which can only solve thelivelihood of landless peasants temporarily. When limited relocationcompensation fee is used up, their survival and future development willbe in trouble again. How to protect the interests of landless peasants hasbecome the new hot topic. The author conducts some preliminaryresearch and discussion, and gets some new understanding of it. In recentyears, the urbanization of Qingyang Street Office, Fushan hasincreasingly sped up. A lot of land needs to be requisitioned anddeveloped, and subsequently a large number of landless peasants comeforth. To solve the employment of landless peasants is not only a realistic livelihood issue, but a political issue of long-term development and socialstabilization of Fushan, Yantai. In accordance with national policy and theactual situation, Qingyang Street Office takes the right guidance, changesconcepts and improves the awareness of job security fundamentally. Byenhancing skills, improving the environment, win-win in the supply anddemand of human resources is achieved. Through a variety of channels,employment is promoted in an effort to achieve the play of fullemployment and harmonious communities. A series of policy documentsaiming at improving the level of protecting farmers have been producedto promote the job security of landless peasants to a certain extent.Considerable progress has been made in some aspects. For example,landless farmers are employed to enterprises to achieve stableemployment. Landless peasants can join in free vocational qualificationtraining. Preferential policies on landless peasants are implemented. Theprotection level of landless peasants is improved effectively. But there arestill some problems at work. On the one hand, stable employment rate isnot high because of many factors like the age structure, educational leveland skill level of landless peasants. On the other hand, they are reluctantto work in enterprises influenced by the negative small-scale peasanteconomy. Therefore, they don’t get their basic protection and a lot ofhidden trouble might be brought to future comprehensive securityresulting in many issues like a low stable employment rate, relativelybackward employment concept and lack of employment capacity. In thisregard, based on careful study of the current research at home and abroad,this paper starts with the basic meaning and theoretical foundation ofprotecting landless peasants’ interests. According to the status of Qingyang Office, Fushan District, a comprehensive study has beenconducted on the problems and defects existing in the sustainabledevelopment of landless peasants during the process of urbanization. Theauthor probes into the reasons for its formation, adopts questionnaire,makes a comparative analysis of the practice in UK, USA, Japan andother developed countries, references their successful experience, putsforwards the idea to maintain the interests of landless peasants in theprocess of urbanization and some practical countermeasures.