Comparative Study On The Competitiveness Of Chinese And Indian Agricultural Exports To The United States

The Stability and development of agriculture is an important foundation for the stability and development of a country’s economy and society. The international trade of agricultural products is an important way to raise the level of agricultural development and increase the income of agricultural population. China and India are the world’s two largest agricultural nations, and the long-term healthy and stable development of their agriculture is of great significance for the sustainable growth of their economy and social development. In today’s increasingly integrated global economy, the comparative study of the competitiveness of Chinese and Indian agricultural exports to the United States can not only reflect the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese and Indian agricultural export, but also reflect the experiences and lessons learned in their promotion of agricultural exports, and thus the two countries can learn from each other. This has important theoretical and practical significance for the long-term development of these two agricultural nations.The thesis can be divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background, purpose, significance, research ideas and research framework of this study. The second part is the theory and literature review on the domestic and foreign scholars’research in relevant field. The third part conducted a statistical analysis of the status of China’s and India’s agriculture export to America from several aspects, including the total export, the export structure, the export technical content and the export price. The results show that the performance of Chinese agriculture export is better than that of India during the year of1993～2001, but the situation reverses during the year of2002～2012. The fourth part is based on the third part. Based on existing export competitiveness theory and the method of evaluation on import and export data, this part evaluates the competitiveness of Chinese and Indian agricultural exports to U.S. with a system of indexes, including total exports and market share index, export growth rate and market share changes index, trade competitiveness index, revealed comparative advantage index, export growth advantage index and environment of export policy index. The results show that Chinese and Indian agriculture keeps different advantages in different aspects. Then this part conducts empirical analysis on export competitiveness of Chinese and Indian agricultural exports to U.S. using the constant market share model, and makes decomposition on the export growth in order to finding the factors that influence the export competitiveness of Chinese and Indian agricultural exports. The results show that the growth of Chinese agriculture exports to U.S. after China entering WTO is mainly due to American market demand and Chinese agricultural adaptation for American market structure rather than the improvement of Chinese agricultural competitiveness. On the contrary, the Chinese agricultural competitiveness has declined. The growth of Indian agriculture exports to America is mainly due to the adaptation for American market structure and the improvement of Indian agricultural competitiveness. Based on the analysis of the whole thesis, the fifth part summaries the final conclusions and put forward the problems for further research in this field.