Research Of Harbin Urban Land Use Problems In Terms Of Affordable Housing Layout

As the capital city of Heilongjiang province, Harbin’s economy has been greatly developed while shouldering the responsibilities of strengthen foreign trade with Russia and revitalize the northeast industrial bases since the implement of reform and opening-up policy. With significant accelerating urbanization progress, the urban population increased dramatically. In2008, as urban population exceeded ten million, Harbin became one of the largest cities in China. Along with the rapid development, the growing scarcity of urban land becomes increasingly evident, which further exacerbated urban housing problems. The large scale construction and imperfect location analysis of the affordable housing construction in Harbin in2011have far-reaching impact on the society and urban residential spatial distribution.First of all, this paper combed China’s affordable housing policy since it was introduced and divided them into six stages and described the characteristics of each stage, followed by the in deep study of the sixth stage, which starts from2010and select the main city of Harbin as the study area. Starting with the analysis of the affordable housing construction quality from time dimension of recent years, mean while, comparing with another two northeast capital cities-Jilin and Liaoning, illustrate Harbin’s advantage in recent year’s construction progress. Then, this paper analyze the construction location and quality data from2011to2013of three types of affordable housing, which are low-rent housing, affordable housing and public rental housing, and illustrate these data on the Harbin urban residential land use map. On this basis, this paper builds an evaluation grid according to the urban scope and conducts a quantitative analysis of different affordable housing types and reaches the conclusion of the dispersion degree of each category, together with the characteristics of suburbanization distribution tendency and grand centralization and small dispersion trend. Then conduct an empirical analysis through selecting a typical affordable housing project as study subjective, and pointing out the driving mechanism of this distribution, taking some other affordable housing problems into consideration and put forward two forms of development model that suitable for Harbin situation. At the end, give suggestions and recommendations for improving and optimizing Harbin affordable housing layout.The main conclusions are:(1) Harbin are facing the dilemma between the increasing affordable housing needs from the low-income families and the decreasing available urban residential lands generated from the rapid depletion by last few years’shantytowns projects. Harbin should build a unified housing register system, which combine the affordable housing and second-hand housing rental market to establish a sound affordable housing exit mechanism and fully utilize the available houses and avoid overbuilding situation;(2) At present, the suburbanized distribution trend of affordable housing is getting more obvious, and the evenly distribution within the city is comparative low. The government should improve public transportation system in the bus, subway, etc. to maximize traffic accessibility to prevent the abandonment trend and the isolation problem between different income groups;(3) Increasing public participation in the construction progress of affordable housing, establish a unified communication platform to obtain aspirations for housing needs, targeted at developing and optimizing the construction of affordable housing land use planning and land use structure and layout;(4) In order to avoid further residential segregation, the government should greatly increase the affordable housing quota proportion in the commercial housing construction, to achieve better configuration of urban residential land utilization;(5) Encourage low-income residents’self-development and employment, enhancing the potential land value through gradually improving the region’s social and ecological structure to avoid the occurrence of areas declines and eventual ghettoization consequences.