Economic Development Model And Change Of Rural Hui Community

The paper takes Sangpo fur tanning industry cluster as a case, to economic capital, social capitaland spiritual capital as conceptual tools and analytical framework, fully considering the factors ofglobalization and localization, through literature review, field investigation and case analysis, exploreseconomic development model and change of the rural hui community.On the basis of case analysis, the paper has the following substantive findings:(1) Sangpo fur tanning technological process is the inheritance and improvement of the mode oftraditional production and tanning, and in the process of the introduction of advanced technology to realizethe mechanization, fur tanning of local production network has been formed. It is further formed the globalmarketing network through the international trade. From the evolutionary context, in the process ofbreeding, growth, development, maturity to expand and upgrade governance process, Sangpo fur tanningindustry cluster gradually formed the "courtyard economy"," group coperation+company+peasanthousehold" and economic development model of Marshall type industrial clusters, and may further growinto "shaft type" industrial cluster. In the process of the formation of cluster evolution, localization andglobalization factors played a key role, eventually formed a ladder on the enterprise scale structure levelobviously "pyramid" structure, related department, market intermediary organizations, religious groups andpublic services support played an important role.(2) Spiritual capital is critical to the formation of industrycluster, but with the development of the cluster, religious faith and high quality of individual spirit fails tofully form social effect. The social capital can rely on is shifting, which is evident on the"derivative/support" network of the enterprise. The diversification of financing channels trend also began toemerge, but the fracture phenomena of social capital is outstanding, the relative lack of universal trust, allkinds of mechanism is not sound, leading to Sangpo fur tanning enterprises lack of effective innovationnetwork.(3) on the "hui" religious beliefs, the limitations of this world determines the "hui" wants to seek abalance between religious behavior and economic behavior, and formed the constraint condition of typical"hui""behavior space". There has been a significant structural difference in participating religious activitiesin terms of gender, age, income, for the different in the time and frequency of the opportunity cost. Hui business owners have participation enthusiasm and the management of religious affairs significantly higherthan the general class. The time of pure religious activities both does not have obvious difference witheliminating the factors; Income differentiation caused the differentiation of religion and economicinvestment amount.(4) The mosque, faith and faculty play an important role for developing of Sangpo furtanning industrial cluste, the mosque has become an important place with informal contact in cluster. Thefaith has become important means of regulating social norms of clusters. While strengthening the moralsuasion, spiritual influence and improve cluster governance, the faculty plays an important role in suchaspects preside over religious activities with presiding over religious activities.(5) From the relationshipbetween religious belief and the development of local enterprises, the economic benefits of the hui businessowners to master religious knowledge has two opposite effects. It is one of the important reasons for localhui enterprises to success with mastery of the training business rules, business skills and compliance, In thissense, the religion promote the development of the economy, and the economic achievements in turn giveback to the religion. But on the other hand, it does not mean that economic success with the abundance ofreligious knowledge. It is directly related to express devout way of understanding.(6) The current problemsand difficulties in Sangpo cluster is that the disorderly competition, nonconsciousness of collective rule,lack of innovation and agglomeration economy. The external value chain lock (barriers) and internal pathdependence (rigid closed) is restricted Sangpo fur tanning industry cluster upgrade two main reasons.Sangpo fur tanning industry cluster through internal integration, innovation drive, network governance andoutgoing associated a path as one center and three wings for transformation and upgrading.The main conclusions can be summarized as followed:(1) It needs certain conditions for the fur tanning industry cluster development, both thelocalization factors, and the impact of globalization. Although most rural hui communities have fur tanninghistorical tradition, but it is not the final can develop for the fur tanning industry cluster.(2) Sangpo fur tanning industrial cluster is a typical Marshall industry cluster, the hui community"living around the mosque " of traditional living pattern and community economy for its emergence andcreated important conditions, especially for high consistency and space organization model, furtherdevelopment and is likely to be "shaft type" industrial cluster, and then with the traditional living patternspace separation. (3) Compared with the existing research, under the double perspective of globalization andlocalization "economic capital, social capital and intelligence capital" conceptual framework for rural huicommunity’s economic development model for effective theoretical explanation, and its capital andenterprise network structure characteristics, the relationship between religion and local economicdevelopment, local production network and global purchasing production and marketing network to make astatement.(4) The disorderly competition, no consciousness of collective rule, lack of innovation andagglomeration economy is the current problems of rural economic development of the hui community.Among them, the lack of endogenous power is the primary reason, and has strong universality.(5) The fur tanning industry cluster from the internal and external value chain lock pathdependence two angles for cluster upgrading paths. In "internal integration", for "integration","innovationdrive, network governance and outgoing link" to "three wing" cluster upgrading strategy, can providesimilar Sangpo rural hui community economic development and the cluster upgrade provides a feasiblepath.