Research On Rural Land Institution Changes In China From The Perspective Of Evolutionary Economics

Land institution is a general term for all the land relationship resulting from the problems of land ownership and it is used in certain social and economic conditions. Land institution directly restricts the development of agricultural production, so studying the causes, problems and the development trend of land institution in China is an important theory issue. Meanwhile, it is very important to observe and judge from proper angle of view in the research of land institution. This is not only related to the objectivity of the results, but also to the anticipation of the land institution change path. The author thinks, the evolutionary economics has important significance in the research of land institution.After the founding of new China, China has experienced the period of economic recovery, the period of socialist industrialization and socialist transformation. During the periods, China had established the collective ownership institution and the centralized working and unified allocation management institution in the rural areas. Practice has proved that the rural land institution does not meet Chinese conditions and had brought negative influences to the development of agricultural production in china. Since 1978, China has established the household contract responsibility institution in the rural areas, which has partly eased the contradictions between rural land institution and the development of agriculture, promoting some development of agriculture. This explains the functions of convention, the creation of innovation and innovation imitation in the economic evolution.In recent years, the development of national economy and urban construction in China put forward new request to the development of rural economy. However, the inherent problems of present rural land institution have been highlighted and have become obstacle to the development of rural economy. Therefore, studying the historical changes of Chinese rural land institution since the founding of new China, and exploring the inherent laws of rural land institution and the possible path in the future, has a certain theoretical and practical significance. Institutional changes belong to an important field in the study of evolutionary economics. Evolution economics thinks that institution evolution has the feature of path dependence, which has a very important guiding value for understanding the evolution of Chinese rural land institution and finding its possible evolution path.