| Land ecological system is under tremendous pressure with the growth of social economy and population.The usage of land causes great negative effects on ecosystem environment while provides us with a large quantity of material wealth.It makes great damage to the function of ecosystem services, influencing the sustainable development of economy and ecological environment.The value of ecosystem services has been degraded at the same time as the ecosystems contribute greatly to human society and economic development. The value of ecosystem services has become a new hot spot in research but not enough study is given priority to the mining industry of the county. In this paper, on the basis of summarizing the domestic and international relevant research results, and land usage data in remote sensing image data as the primary data source, using the ecological service value evaluation method, the Laiyuan county of Hebei province was chosen as the research area, and the change of land usage and ecological services value there were evaluated, after which the relationship between the two was analyzed. Finally, with the maximization of ecosystem service value as the goal, the Laiyuan land usage structure was optimized based on its current situation and characteristics of local land resources usage, in order to realize the harmonious development of economic construction and ecological environment. the main conclusions are as follows:The number of land usage types and structure of Laiyuan county changed significantly during 2003-2012. In terms of quantity, the results are: the number of cultivated land and forest land reduced, while the quantity of non construction land mines and the land for mining and industry increased gradually, meanwhile the number of unused land and watersheds hardly changed. The change of land usage structure is reflected mainly in the two following aspects: non mining construction land gradually spread to the surroundings from Laiyuan county, the converted land mainly came from farmland and forest surrounding towns. The land for mining and industry mainly extended from northeast to southwest as a banded distribution and the land came from forest land and unused land. Land utilization comprehensive index in the year 2003, 2007, 2012 were 160.16, 161.03, 162.44 respectively. The land usage degree was below average level. Economic development, population and agricultural development were the main driving factors for the land usage change of Laiyuan county.The amount, composition structure and the spatial distribution of land ecosystem service value have taken place obviously in the year 2003-2012. In terms of the number, ecological service value presented a declining trend and the total ecosystem service value decreased 107.1339 million yuan from 2003 to 2012, and different land usage types underwent different quantity decreases. For the ecological service value composition structure, soil formation and protection, water and biodiversity conservation were the main contributions which accounted for 50% of the total ecosystem service value. In terms of spatial distribution, the northwest and southeast mountain villages and towns of Laiyuan county made relatively high ecological service value and the value change was very small. However, the relatively low ecological service value areas were mainly distributed around the Laiyuan downtown areas and in the towns whose economy mainly depended on the mining industry. The annual loss of ecosystem services value was above 1 million yuan.The correlation between land usage change and the change of the ecological service value is obvious. Forest land change has significantly positive correlation with the land ecosystem service value change, the correlation coefficient is 0.72. Industrial and mining land usage has highly negative correlation with the ecosystem service value change, the correlation coefficient is 0.81. Cultivated land change and the land ecosystem service value change presents a moderate positive correlation, the correlation coefficient is 0.56;The non mining construction land and the land ecosystem presents a moderate negative correlation with the correlation coefficient is-0.43. The change of the waters and unused land has little correlation with the change of the ecological service value.The comparison between the optimal and predicted value of ecosystem services of Laiyuan county in the year 2020 shows that reasonable land structure can increase the ecological service value by 143.5892 million yuan. it proves that reasonable adjustment of land usage structure can effectively alleviate the falling trend of land ecosystem service value. |
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