Research On The Change Of Farming Landscape Pattern And Influential Factors Of Longhai City

The most basic type of land, cultivated land is vital guarantee for food security, which is also to ensure the sustainable development of social economy. There are some problems in China currently such as less quantity of cultivated land used by each person, more amount of cultivated land utilized by social economic development, serious issue that people develop cultivated land excessively but the number is a little poor. Thus, under this situation, it is meaning to research the variation of cultivated land and analyze influence factor and to provide theoretical basis for cultivated land with reasonable, scientific, sustainable utilization in Longhai city in the scale of county.Basic data of this article are land-use map in 1998, annual survey of land use change in 2007 and 2013. Based on fractal theory and theory of landscape ecology, it is to analyze the change of cultivated land, fractal dimension, landscape pattern index, whose object is cultivated land, then conclude factor of this variation, with GIS and SPSS, in different time between 1998-2007 and 2007-2013. The main conclusion show as follows:(1) The amount of cultivated land patches, rate of change, dynamic degree declines, but the number of patches in only minority villages and towns increases in different time.(2) The number of fractal dimension of cultivated land reaches the peak in 1998, then gradually reduces and gets to steady situation in 2007 and 2013, at the point of fractal dimension. The stability of cultivated land switch unsteadiness to stabilization, then to the state of smooth and steady finally at the point of spatial structure stability index. That concludes that shape of landscape patches is from complex to regulation and the manner of utilization switch extensive to intensive.(3) The research results show that the effect of human interference on studied cultivated land can be both positive and negative at the point of landscape pattern index. For example, the more regular of landscape patch of cultivated land increased, the better could the land define the interferences from environment. What’s more, both of stability of cultivated land and the uniform distribution of patches would be promoted, but the continuity of high quality patches went down and the degree of crushing of cultivated land strengthened, in addition, the adjacent degree between cultivated land and the same type land reduces.(4) The alteration and the influencing factors of alteration of cultivated land landscape pattern. The source of cultivated land landscape pattern to increase is given priority to land arrangement between 1998 and 2007, but mainly relies on land development between 2007 and 2013. The source of cultivated land landscape pattern to reduce is given priority to construction projects and agricultural structure adjustment in the two different periods. When analyzing the influence factors, the thesis using principal component analysis, selecting 15 social and cultural impact factors to analyze. Results show that the economic development, the increase of population, the increase of the urbanization rate and the change of industrial structure are the main influencing factors to the change of the cultivated land landscape structure.