Study On Tne Regulation Of China’s Highway Toll Standards

Since reform and opening-up in1978, the infrastructure such as high way developing rapidly in our country, and driving the rapid development of the regional social economy. By2012, the highway traffic mileage re-ached96000kilometers in our country, which is the second largest in the world. From highway tolls, more than90%of the highways are toll roads in our country, however, the ratio in the United States and other western developed countries is below10%. The highway fees remains stable for a long time and is far higher than that of foreign standards, while most of the western developed countries use decreasing charging mechanism. So me domestic highways even keep charging when the charging period was over. The problems such as charging high price, long maturity and lack of unified fee standards, raised the cost of using highway, greatly reduced t-he efficiency of the highway. Therefore, how to make a scientific and rea-sonable fee pricing mechanism, solve the contradiction between supply a nd demand, increase the service efficiency of the highway are the core is-sues of study in this paper.For the above problems of the highway in our country, this paper m-ade a system analysis about the theory of quasi-public goods fee at home and abroad, highway investment and financing, pricing mechanism, prici-ng model, the current problems existing in the highway operation manage ment and charging control systems. This paper proposed that we should use an algorithm to determine the highway cost pricing model from the p-erspective of social welfare maximization. From the model, the highway charge standard mainly affected by traffic index. Therefore, predicting the traffic index within the limited time is the key. The traffic index within t-he limited time was determined by the trend traffic index, induced traffic index and diverted traffic index. Each highway traffic index should be co-ncrete analysis according to specific situation.This paper chooses the Hu-Hang-Yong highway as an example to st-udying the standard charging control, predicting the traffic index within i-n limited time and getting the charge standard. By study, we found that t-he traffic index was mainly affected by the van ownership, and the van o-wnership was mainly influenced by regional social and economic develop ment level. Therefore, the trend traffic is the main factors influencing the traffic. In addition, as the development of high-speed railway and increas ing of the railway mileage, caused the movement of the highway traffic to the railway transportation. Using the data of forecast traffic volume, we got the data of charge standard, and found that from the perspective of s-ocial welfare maximization, it is concluded that the charge standard by u-sing the algorithm of cost method should be dynamic changed. Before re-aching traffic saturation point, charge standard should be decreasing year by year with the increase of traffic volume. While after reaching traffic s-aturation point, charge standards remain unchanged. The research results are committed to the policy guidance to reducing logistics cost of the Chi-nese government, also according with the overseas practice of the express way toll collection. So, the research results have strong maneuverability and can provide some reference for the government to formulating scient-ific and reasonable tuition charge standard.