Study On Chinese Land Expropriation System

As the foundation of the survival of human beings, land is not only the question of resources, but also related to the economic, political and social issues. For the majority of our farmers, rural land is more than the means of production. The land has the functions of producing direct benefit, supplying jobs and social security, creating value and so on, it is also the symbol of the identity of farmers. Rural land system and the rights of farmers have been important factors of the historical development of Chinese rural society, which have also influenced the way that China goes.The land expropriation system, which is implemented by the State to get rural collective land mandatorily and legally for the public interest and give the farmers some compensation, is a system that reflects China’s modernization process. It not only embodies the conflict and balance of public power and individual rights, but also reflects the interaction between the government and the market, as well as with the society. It has provided a convenient way for the early capital accumulation by supplying plenty of cheap land and surplus labor to promote the rapid development of urban construction and industrialization.In a highly centralized planned economy period, to promote China’s economic development, there is a reason for the country-based land expropriation to sacrifice the interests of farmers to"nurture" the urban industrial development. But with the development of market economy, China has been committed to promoting the urban-rural integration in order to achieve social justice in the post-industrial era. The land expropriation system is increasingly incompatible with the social goals and drawbacks such as generalized public purpose, unreasonable collection procedures, imperfect compensation mechanism and single way of resettlement appear. All these lead to forced demolitions, landless peasants, corruption and the land finance, which cause collective petitions and mass incidents frequently and seriously affect the sustainable development of economy and societyLand expropriation is a mandatory administrative act of the State with the necessity of existence, which is an important means to achieve the public interest. Therefore, by analyzing the above-mentioned problems that exist in the land expropriation system and finding out appropriate countermeasures, we can find a way to transfer the unsustainable development concepts and methods and to further promote the reform process.Innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the analysis of the reasons for the problems in the land expropriation system. The paper analyzes the reasons not only in the land system itself, but also from the perspectives of the current management system and governance structure of the government. What’s further, this paper also points out that all the disadvantages of the current land expropriation have a relationship to our state consciousness which includes "post-totalitarian"management thinking and"catch-up" development thinking.In a word, the aim of this paper is to have a more comprehensive and systematic understanding on the current land expropriation system in China, and take this as a starting point to have a in-depth analysis on China’s reform and to promote the the transformation of the role of the government.