A Study On The Operating Efficiency Of Farmers’ Professional Cooperatives And Its Influencing Factors

Since the professional farmers cooperatives law promulgated and implemented, the farmer specialized cooperatives in China is developing rapidly, the number of cooperatives have gradually increased, the number of the farmer specialized cooperatives members continue to expand; the development of farmers’ professional cooperatives to promote moderate scale land operation, have an important role to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, led farmers to get richer and improve the level of agricultural industrialization in china.This paper has studied the farmers’ professional cooperatives operating efficiency and analyze it affecting factors though using DEA-Tobit model based on the survey data in Jiangxi province. The results of the study show as following: First, the main reasons why the level of technical efficiency of the farmers’ professional cooperatives in Jiangxi province is low is that the low level of pure technical efficiency. Second, the majority of cooperatives are in the stage of increasing returns to scale, which shows that the overall scale of farmer cooperatives in Jiangxi province is small, the investment of production is not enough, cooperatives need to continue to increase investment to improve resource utilization efficiency;Third, though comparing different types of cooperatives, the study shows that: cooperatives’ breeding efficiency are the highest, followed by vegetable cooperatives, and then for the grain planting cooperatives, the cooperative of the tea and general economic crops’ efficiency are lowest; Fourth, the highest technical efficiency of regional cooperative is Nanchang, the Pingxiang is the worst;The ranks of the different areas of efficiency is : Nanchang、Ji’an、 Fuzhou、Yingtan、Jiujiang、Yichun、Xinyu、Ganzhou、Shangrao、Pingxiang、Jingdezhen;Fifth, the scale has significant differences in cooperatives efficiency, large cooperatives’ efficiency is the highest, the micro-small cooperatives’ efficiency is lowest; Sixth, the cooperatives’ efficiency which don’t enjoy the support is lower than that enjoy the support from government.Through the research of the factors which influence the efficiency of cooperatives, the results show that:1.Asset size has significantly negative influence on the pure technical efficiency, and has significantly positive influence on the scale efficiency;2.Members of the council、the number of project support and financial leverage have significantly negative effect on pure technical efficiency;3. The number of training has significantly positive influence on technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency;4.The proportion of sales though cooperatives and the local per farmers’ income level has significantly positive influence on scale efficiency; 5.The surplus of return ratio have significantly positive effect on technical efficiency and scale efficiency; 6.Science and technology policies have significantly positive effect on pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.In order to improve the efficiency of farmers’ professional cooperatives, government and farmers’ professional cooperatives should work hard together. The government should guide the cooperatives strengthening the internal governance, improving the internal management mechanism, and improve the interest distribution mechanism, strengthening management, improving the person’s ability who are in charge of the management, strengthening the training of members to improve human capital, promoting the sustainable development of society.