The Relationship Of Job Characteristics And Work Well-being: The Moderating Effect Of Person-organization Fit

Well-being is a topic that has often been mentioned. Recently, Well-being caught the attention of the academia as the rise of the positive psychology. Putting Well-being into the work environment to study the well-being of employees has become the hot topic of the academia and society. It has proved that job characteristics have an effect on Well-being,but there is little research on the influencing process. Despite there remains controversial on the relationship of the work characteristics and Well-being that is curvilinear or linear. However, it is sure that job characteristics effects Well-being by other third variable. So, the author puts the moderator variable of individual- organization fit in this article to discuss the relationship of the three factors. The purpose of this article is to make empirical analysis based on job demands-resource model(JD-R model) of the relationship between job characteristics and Well-being under the background of Chinese native culture. At the same time, the other purpose is to explore the effecting adjustment of the person-organization fit. We also test the Vitamin Model.In this article, the author has reviewed the existing related theory of the job characteristics, Well-being and person-organization fit, and then put forward the hypothesis of this study model. It tests the reliability and validity of the scale and makes variance analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis based on research data. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Variance analysis shows that job satisfaction, vitality, self-esteem, autonomy,positive emotion, negative emotion and work well-being have no significant difference on gender, educational background and job post. However, job satisfaction,positive emotion,negative emotion and work well-being have significant difference on different age, marital status and working years. Vitality and autonomy have significant difference on different job position; autonomy also has significant difference on different work units.(2) Regression analysis shows that job demands is negatively related to job satisfaction, vitality, self-esteem, autonomy, positive emotion, but positively related to the negative emotion and has a negative effect on work Well-being. Job resources is positively related to job satisfaction, vitality, self-esteem, autonomy, positive emotion,but negatively related to negative emotion and has positive enhancement effect of job Well-being.(3) The interaction of regression analysis shows that job remands effects work Well-being by the moderating effect of demands-ability fit; job resource effects work Well-being by the moderating effect of supply-need fit.(4) There are some job characteristics that effect work well-being conform to the assumptions of Vitamin Model. It means that at different levels of job demands, there is a nonlinear relationship between some job characteristics and the work well-being.