The Research Of Northwest Shanxi’s Coal Industry In The Late Qing Dynasty To Middle Of The Republic Of China

The northwest area since ancient times is the main area of coal producing province of Shanxi, the area is rich in coal resources, and has a long history of coal mining.The Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China period(1644-1936years) in the northwest of Shanxi coal resources almost cover the whole area,the local people according to whether there is smoke, shape and other standards will be divided into several kinds of coal with and make use of.The mid Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China(1936), reflects the God worship prevalent coal industry before the coal owners led the worship ceremony held in the coal mining, reflects the different levels of people in different social mentality of the coal industry.The Northwest Shanxi people for the carbon seedling survey to miners still experience primarily,In coal mining,still use simple production tools, the use of traditional drainage, ventilation and other methods to ensure the safety of coal mining.The local coal transportation mainly depends on manpower and animal power, and the rugged mountain road, inconvenient transportation limits the development of coal sales market.For all types of often appear in coal mining mining disaster in the Northwest Shanxi, people found a variety of coping styles in the long-term practice and experience.Beginning from the late Qing Dynasty, the coal will become the necessities of people’s life and production in the northwest of Shanxi province.People for the use of coal in cooking, heating to moisture, applied to life in.At the same time, coal has been used in the Northwest Shanxi people burning lime, brick, iron handicraft production.With the coal demand continues to expand, the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Northwest Shanxi larger coal mines in the medium-term in management are formed from the kiln to workers include clear management mechanism of kiln head, head of the middle layer management target.And the Northwest Shanxi mountainous area accounted for the vast majority is from one or two to four five partnership manual smallcoal mines, small coal mines to take these Bao Shan kiln opening form,reflects the feudal lease relationship from the late Qing Dynasty has been extended to the Republic of China, has hindered the local coal industry to the modern step forward.The mid Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, with Shanxi three times in the climax of the Northwest Shanxi coal mining, people’s demand for coal and what is more, the expansion of the market led to the expansion of Shanxi coal production, improve local people’s living standards, promote the local handicraft industry development, far-reaching influence on the local economy and bring bad effect on the local environment and social atmosphere, a warning to the contemporary sustainable development of energy economy in Shanxi.Discussion on the Northwest Shanxi in Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China to the unique natural environment, social condition, mining technology and utilization of coal, the impact of government policies and the use of Bao Shan contract reduction in Northwest Shanxi coal mining history, we can outline the Northwest Shanxi coal, coal for the people’s social life, as well as the impact of such a life to the local social psychology and value.