The Mechanism Of Pioneering Institutional Entrepreneurship From The Perspective Of Stakeholders

The issue of how institutional entrepreneurs establish the new institution has always been the research focus in this field. Most researches has stated that the process of institutional entrepreneurship is a game between institutional entrepreneurs and their stakeholders. However, few researchers have definied these stakeholders in this geme, it is still a research gap that studying the institutional entrepreneurship from the perspective of stakeholders.From the perspective of stakeholders, this paper applies single case study intergeating grounded theory, historical analysis, and choose Alibaba Group,the typical pioneering institutional entrepreneur as the case sample,then define the stakeholders and the institutional constraint during its entrepreneurship. This paper also analyses the instutional strategy that institutional entrepreneurs use and what kind of legitimacy institutional entrepreneurs have achieved.The conclusions are as following:firstly, the process of institutional entrepreneurship can be divided into three stages, including establishing foundation of innovation, theorization and promotion of new institutions; secondly, according to four dimensions:the importance, the willings, the legitimacy, the normativeness, we can divide the stakeholders into three group:the core stakeholders, the dormant stakeholders and the marginal stakeholders; Thirdly, during the first two stages, the pioneering institutional entrepreneurs mainly confront institutional constraint of cognition and normativeness, during the stage of institution diffusion, the pioneering institutional entrepreneurs confront institutional constraint of regulation; Fourthly, during the first two stages, the pioneering institutional entrepreneurs mainly apply rhetorical strategies and theorization strategies, and during the third stage, the pioneering institutional entrepreneurs mainly apply culture strategies; Finally, the pioneering institutional entrepreneurs has acaieved the legitimacy of congition and normativeness during the first two stages.This paper has deeply analysed the process of pioneering institutional entrepreneurship and finally constructed the mechanism of pioneering institutional entrepreneurship. In addition, this paper not only enriches the research context but also expands the research on institutional entrepreneurship and provide the meaningful experience with some potential institutional entrepreneurs.