| Since the second national soil survey, the economy in Xinhuang County was developed greatly, the same was its agricultural environment.the three industrial wastes produced continuously as the advent of industrial economy era brought big impacts on rural environment, especially the land quality of countryside.At the same time, pesticides and chemical fertilizers were broadly used for pursuing the high yield in modern agriculture, pollution leaved by agricultural have not been good controlled, agricultural soil were greatly polluted and agricultural production was also significantly restricted..So, farmland investigation and quality evaluation in Xinhuang county can make future reference for agricultural structure adjustment, construction of harmless agricultural production base and protect and improve land quality so that quality of agricultural production and farmers’ income could be improved, thus improving the sustainable development of agriculture.Based on the related research work at home and abroad, this article chose the local farmland soil fertility and soil environmental quality as the research object,4697 soil samples including 4041 general soil samples,496 samples of experimental demonstration base and 160 other samples were taken in 23 villages and towns, and 28108 large amount elements and 2400 medium and trace elements were detected using soil analysis methods. The results showed that (1) Average soil nutrient content in Xinhuang county were as below, content of soil organic matter was 24.67 g/kg, total nitrogen was 2.06 g/kg, effective phosphorus was 16.20 mg/kg, rapidly available potassium was 78.94 mg/kg, slowly available potassium was 158.78mg/kg, pH was 5.94.(2) The first-level farmland in Xinhuang county was 34270 mu, the secondary-level was 48998 mu, the third-level was 29526 mu, the forth-level was 52126 mu, the fifth-level was 40825 mu, the sixth-level was 47864 mu and the seven-level was 39790 mu, respectively accounting for 11.68%,16.7%, 10.06%,17.77%,13.91%,16.31%,13.91% of the total arable land, Thus, the forth-level farmland was most, up to 17.77%, the second-level farmland was secondary, accounting for 16.70%, the sixth-level farmland was third, accounting for 16.31%.High,middle and low yield field were 28.38%,41.74% and 29.88%, respectively, suggesting that areas of middle and low yield fields in Xinhuang county were more than high yield field.According to the above result, this paper puts forward some improvement and repair technology and measures of cultivated land in Xinhuang county, mainly including planting large harmless crops, strengthening the infrastructure construction of rural land, increasing organic fertilizer application, promoting straw return to soil, further adjusting and optimizing planting structure, promoting soil testing technology of applying fertilizer; deep ploughing, increasing organic fertilizer application, strengthening water conservancy construction, improving irrigation technology, reforming cultivation system, promoting of disease-resistant and high-yield breeds, promoting soil testing formula fertilization for clay and infertile paddies. Main measures to improve farmland pollution status included improving farmers’environmental awareness, controlling pollution transfer and developing new organic compound fertilizer, etc. Heavy metal pollution control countermeasure for farmland soil mainly included increasing organic fertilizer and agricultural ecological restoration measures, applying soil conditioner, controlling industrial three wastes influxes, reasonable organization of farmland irrigation, etc. |
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