Ownership Structure, Market Structure And Commercial Bank Efficiency

Review the development of China’s banking industry, ownership structure and market structure reform, has been promoting the development of the banking sector in China. From the perspective of the actual path of reform, on the one hand, through the introduction of strategic investors, listed shares on the open market reform and other ways to promote the shareholding system reform. And on the other hand, by encouraging the development of joint-stock commercial banks and city commercial banks, rural commercial banks, as well as allowing foreign banks, to accelerate market access and promote banking development. How to evaluate the impact of shareholding reforms and market competition in China’s commercial banks? In the reform of China’s commercial banks, equity and market factors, whose effect is more pronounced? These are a range of issues facing China’s commercial banks.To answer these questions, this paper first adopt theoretical methods--application of principal-agent theory, to analyze ownership structure of commercial bank efficiency,and then applies the hypothesis and the efficiency of the market structure hypothesis, to analyze the market structure of commercial banks’ efficiency. According to China’s present equity structure and market structure, find out the actual impact of shareholding structure and market structure on the efficiency of commercial banks in China. In empirical analyzing, through gathering 16 commercial banks’ dates in 2004 to 2014,calculating banking of equity structure variable(including big shareholders holding proportion, and circulation unit shareholders holding proportion and big shareholders holding capacity) and market structure variable(including market concentrated degrees index and market share index), to calculate the commercial banks’ efficiency index. In addition, by using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) this new method, calculate the operating efficiency of commercial banks, which as an indicator of the efficiency of commercial banks.It found that: Both the shareholding structure and market structure have a significant effect to the operating efficiency. A degree of ownership concentration is conducive to efficiency improvement, the circulation of shares listed to shareholders for focusing more on Bank efficiency, improve the level of management and service awareness and improve operating efficiency. If industry market concentration is toohigh, it may damage the Bank’s business efficiency, but a single banking market share expansion, will promote the improvement of the Bank’s efficiency to a certain extent. In future of banking reform:(1) A further deepening equity structure reforming, continued promoted non-circulation unit circulation listed is needed. But regardless of how the reform advancing, it is important to guarantee equity not be excessive dispersed.(2) To improve banking of market competition degrees, avoid industry resources excessive concentrated, constantly improve single Bank of business level and business efficiency,expand banking internal opening, and allows business conditions of civil capital join in,can promote finance business form of diversification.The innovation of this paper is: the sample period is long enough and more robust.We select the data during 2004 to 2014, which can be more comprehensive and the main content of the reform on banking has been completed and gradually taken effect. For the second. The controlled variables are very thoroughly.The shortcoming of this article: sample bank selected contains 16 listed commercial banks and without the banks has not been listed; when analyzing the impact of ownership structure on bank’s efficiency, this paper does not contain the impact of stock nature, only made a return of stock concentration and liquidity.