The Research Of Agricultural Environmental Efficiency And Impact Factors In Reclamation Area Of China

As reforming and opening-up, a development model of Chinese agricultural reclamation has been developed, which adapts to market economy. During the period, the speed of economic growth gradually quickens, the scale expands unceasingly, and the economic strength increases remarkable. This achievement, however, is not without cost. According to<the national soil pollution condition investigation gazette> by the environmental protection department and the ministry of land and resources shows that the results of the national soil environmental condition overall is not optimistic. In some parts, the soil pollution is heavier, and the environmental quality of the soil is very bad. In a survey of 1.4 million hectares of arable land area,64.8% of the land area suffered serious pollution of heavy metal, inorganic salt, organic matter and other substances. These pollutions make the soil harden and decrease the quality of the cultivated land. They have serious influence on the sustainable development of agricultural reclamation economy in China. The cause of this phenomenon is that for a long time, the main pattern of economic development in China is unreasonable. To increase production, the extensive and intensive production methods widely used in agricultural production, by relying mainly on excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides. Coupled with the separation of planting and breeding, livestock and poultry dung fail to properly handle. All caused extremely serious pollution to our environment.So, it is very important to find effective and reasonable way to measure the negative external effect of agricultural production on environment. The paper based on the materials balance principle (MBP) by Coelli (2007) and stochastic frontier production function model by Battese and Coelli (1995), we use 31 reclamation areas data from 2000 to 2013 to construct a stochastic frontier production function model to calculate agricultural environmental efficiency and analyze the decisive factors that influences efficiency of environment. From the point of regional agricultural environmental efficiency analysis, in terms of the overall average, the difference of environmental efficiency of reclamation area in China between the eastern, central and western is relatively large. Central environmental efficiency is higher score, followed in the west and score is low in the east. From the perspective of the inter-temporal changes, the volatility is large with time changing, but they are in a rising state as a whole. From the gap of regional agricultural environmental efficiency, they are also growing.Empirical study results show that the average of environmental efficiency is low in reclamation area of China and agricultural development is constrained by the environment in a certain extent. Although environmental efficiency (EE), nutrient allocation efficiency (INAE) and technology efficiency (ITE) increase year by year, agricultural production still can cause a large number of pollution each year. These form certain obstacles, and go against the requirements of sustainable development. At the same time, the study found that there are the negative correlation between environmental efficiency and consumption intensity of chemical fertilizer, and the proportion of the agricultural output to primary industry output. Environmental efficiency was positively related to the proportion of cultivated land area to the total land area.In this paper, the structure is as follows:the first chapter is introduction, mainly introduced the research background and significance of this article, and systematically expounds the research status at home and abroad. The second chapter mainly introduces Coelli (2007) material balance principle and environmental efficiency. The second chapter also mainly introduces two kinds of research methods of frontier production function, as well as the study of parameter in two forms. Then, this paper introduces the form of the stochastic frontier production function in the process of agricultural production, especially the Battese and Coelli (1995) function. At the same time, the decisive factors that influence environmental efficiency are introduced in the paper. The third chapter is the empirical analysis of the environmental efficiency of reclamation area in China. Analysis is performed from the data and description, the form of setting the model, hypothesis test, the empirical results and so on. The fourth chapter is conclusion and policy recommendations of this article, as well as the innovation and future prospects.