| All countries in the world have a common problem of pirated software, the existence of pirated software damages development and growth of legal software, and harms legal operation. It hinders the development and innovation of the software market, and pirated users suffer various losses for the low quality of pirated software. The report of study on the global PC software piracy in 2011 published by Business Software Alliance (BSA) has show that in 2011 global software piracy rate was 42%, Asia Pacific is 60% and China is 77%. In general, the problem of piracy in China cannot be ignored.Ignoring the pirated software will damage the development of legal industry, and it will also suppress of social knowledge innovation and technological progress. Fighting against piracy is not only the government’s responsibility, but also the need of enterprises to maintain their own commercial interests. From the enterprise level that enterprises can through the price mechanism, production adjustment, version strategy, licensing system, product quality mechanism, anti copy technology, piracy investigation and other related measures and means to prevent and curb piracy. From the government level, the government can protect the legitimate products through the protection of legislation, increase supervision, increase the punishment and other measures to achieve the protection of intellectual property rights of legitimate products, discipline and fight against piracy. Media and other public organizations can promote and cultivate consumer awareness of intellectual property through public opinion. Compared to the role of enterprises and social organizations, the government provides a more basic safeguard role in protecting intellectual property rights and combating piracy activities, not only the main force of combating and preventing piracy, but also an important guarantee for the effect of enterprise’s combating piracy. However, the target of government and enterprises in the anti piracy operation is different. Enterprises usually take the profit maximization as the goal, the action and the measure around the profit and market share. The government’s goal is not only to reflect the reasonable protection of the legitimate rights and benefits of the legitimate manufacturers, but also to take into account the implementation of anti piracy policies and other issues. So the problem of fighting against piracy is prone to hitchhike or bucks passing situation.In addition to part of the consumer’s willingness to buy pirated, there is also a part of the consumer buy the pirated software because of the asymmetry of information. In this pirated software such as pseudo genuine software. Pseudo genuine software is different from the general pirated software sold in street. It is sold in a number of formal software sales channels, well packaged and refurbished pirated software. Those merchants under the decoy of genuine software sole pirated software which’s price compared with genuine software is resemblance. Because of the asymmetry of the information, consumers are always in a information weak position. But the intervention of third party software testing organizations can effectively reduce the asymmetry of the information, and safeguard the interests of consumers.For the two problems above, in this paper the specific research work and conclusions include the following two points:First, aiming at the problem that the legitimate business and government have the demand to fight against pirated software, and developing a static game model between the two participants. For this game model we get 6 kinds of Nash equilibrium solutions. When the tax rate is not a strategy as the government can be used, it is only a exogenous parameters and we research the sensitivity of those parameters:the unit cost of the fight against piracy (the government and the legitimate business), the total resources, the piracy capabilities, the normal software production costs and tax rates. When the tax rate can be used as one of government another strategy, it choose the best rate in the first phase of the game, and the second phase of the government and the legitimate dealers choose their own to fight against piracy. Sensitivity analysis of the above parameters is also carried out. Through the above sensitivity analysis, the influence of the parameters in the equilibrium state can be clearer.Second, for the problem of pseudo genuine software, we develop a dynamic game model between the software vendor and the user involved third party inspection agencies. In the first steps the software to provide users with different kinds of software, the second steps that the third party software inspection agencies detects and provides information to the user, the third steps users obtain information then makes their own judgment. In the end, we get four Nash equilibrium solutions, two pure strategy equilibrium solutions and two mixed strategy equilibrium solutions the results show that the existence of the third party software organizations can reduce the asymmetry of information, and it can help reduce the cost of software users.The main innovation points of the paper are as follows:(1) From the abstract level, studying the problem of the government and genuine software providers fighting against piracy. Based on the complete information static game model, the six Nash equilibrium solutions of the static model are solved. Revealing the best strategy is chose by government and genuine software providers under different situations, and the sensitivity of each parameter is analyzed;(2) According to the sequence of making decision by software vendors, software testing agency and software users to build a three stages dynamic game model under asymmetric information. To study the asymmetry information and he user cost effect decrease under the software testing agency involved. |
PDF Full Text Request