Research On Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Of Shanghai-Based On The Perspective Of Sustainable Development

Along with the advancement of urbanization, a large number of population flocked into the city, appearing many megacities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen in China. As the carrier of human production and life, city not only supports the development of human economic and social culture, at the same time carries the ecological environment pollution, resource consumption, etc. which caused by urban development. The sustainable development of city is the important embodiment of sustainable development of human society. The size of urban comprehensive carrying capacity is an important basis for measuring urban sustainable development capacity, and the constant improvement of the urban comprehensive carrying capacity is a necessary condition for realizing the sustainable development. For exploring urban economy and society coordinated development with ecology and resource, actualizing the sustainable development of cities, researching the urban comprehensive carrying capacity has attract Chinese government departments and scholars’ attention, and always be the research hotspot of many subjects. As the first city in " the Belt and Road " structure of security, meanwhile as our country’s economic, financial, trade and shipping center, Shanghai urban development in our country plays an important role,Through combing the sustainable development theory, theory of carrying capacity, this article defined the concept of the urban comprehensive capacity and the relationship with sustainable development. Combining with the characteristics of the object, according to the key elements which affected the development of cities, we build the evaluation index system of urban comprehensive carrying capacity, and use the entropy method to determine the weight of the index system, pressure index of evaluating the carrying capacity of each subsystem, fuzzy evaluation method to measure urban comprehensive carrying capacity, meanwhile coefficient is calculated according to the sustainable development level of urban development. After the comprehensive analysis of the status quo of the research object, we combine with the evaluation results of the research to find short board for the sustainable development of city, so as to provide the scientific policy and suggestion for the research of comprehensive carrying capacity and sustainable development of Shanghai.In this paper, it makes conclusions as follow:Firstly, Shanghai urban comprehensive carrying capacity show an overall growth trend over the last decade, which rose steadily in 2003-2009, and fluctuated in 2009-2013. We can see the changes of each capacity subsystem from the time point of view. Social carrying capacity and water resources carrying capacity show a downward trend. The change of Shanghai economic carrying capacity is small, and economic development is relatively stable. Shanghai land carrying capacity and ecological carrying capacity are upward trend. Secondly, Shanghai’s water resources and ecological environment pressure index is declining, the rational use of water resources and ecological protection is the focus of future governance in Shanghai. Thirdly, Shanghai urban sustainable development index shows a slow upward trend, which indicates that Shanghai urban development as a whole shows a steady upward development of the state.The paper consists of five chapters:the first chapter was an introduction, which mainly expounded the research background, significance, ideas and features. It was the basic framework of this paper. The second chapter was relevant research literature review, which combed to the theoretical basis of the urban comprehensive carrying capacity, defined the meaning of the urban comprehensive carrying capacity, described the relationship between the evaluation method of urban comprehensive carrying capacity and sustainable development. The third chapter was the evaluation model of urban comprehensive carrying capacity. It introduced the construction of evaluation index system, and use the entropy method to determine the weight of the index system, pressure index of evaluating the carrying capacity of each subsystem, fuzzy evaluation method to measure urban comprehensive carrying capacity, meanwhile coefficient is calculated according to the sustainable development level of urban development. The fourth chapter was urban comprehensive carrying capacity research of Shanghai. It introduced status features about Shanghai from the five aspects of land resources, water resources, ecology, economy and society to provide realistic basis for evaluation of this article. It compared the variation of the urban comprehensive carrying capacity, pressure index, sustainable development index from the time sequence, and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the problems in the development of Shanghai. The fifth chapter was the research strategies and conclusions, for the constraints that exist in Shanghai urban development, this paper provided science policy recommendations to enhance the urban comprehensive carrying capacity and sustainable development of Shanghai.