| With the rapid development of social economy, the average per income is increasing, a growing number of people pay more attention to their surrounding environment and quality of life. For tourists with travel plans and motivations, the climate environment is bound to become one of the important considerations in the choice of tourist destinations. In the background of tourism climate comfortable degree of quantitative evaluation, and conducts a comprehensive research on the temporal and spatial variations of zoning out in different seasons of appropriate travel city, not only to help tourism planning departments for reasonable exploitation and utilization of tourism resources, but also help the tourists to make wise choices.In contrast with the past a variety of climate comfortable degree evaluation model, choosing to use the international biological Meteorology Research Association for many years of universal thermal climate index UTCI constructed a applicable in the basin of the tourism climate comfortable degree evaluation framework SFUS, utilizing 1985-2014, nearly 30 years of climate data, the Yangtze River International golden tourism belt of the tourism climate comfortable degree of empirical analysis, the major research results are as follows:1. The first distribution of basin seasonal climatic factors were compared, the temperature in spring and autumn, the average temperature in the whole Yangtze River international tourism has little difference with the mean temperature at about 17℃, the summer is generally comfortable, vertical zonal characteristics, the lower the temperature the higher the altitude, latitude winter regularly obviously, the lower the temperature the higher the latitude; on average humidity, the study area annual average relative humidity is 75%, the humidity in spring and summer in the lower reaches of Yangtze River is generally larger than inland areas, upstream in autumn and winter high latitudes are higher than in other regions, the highest in Chongqing; in the solar radiation, the average daily total radiation the study area is 167 W/m2, which reaches the low latitude Kunming longest duration, upstream of high latitude regions of Chongqing sunshine time at least, the overall presentation of the high altitude City Characteristics of total radiation intensity at low altitude. In the average wind speed, the annual average wind speed is 2.2m/s, which is greater than the upper reaches of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, upstream greater than the middle reaches of the sequence distribution, the average wind speed is 2.2m/s, which is the largest in the lower reaches of Shanghai, the upper reaches of Chongqing minimum.2. Combined with international biometeorology Association developed universal thermal climate index UTCI, using the comfortable degree of grading standards, on the Yangtze River tourism climate comfortable degree evaluation. Catchment of the Yangtze River of UTCI index as a whole has some latitude to the distribution law and caused by the elevation of the zonal rules and low latitudes of UTCI index ratio and high latitudes to high, overall decreased with increasing latitude; the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the low latitudes of comfort level was obviously superior to the Yangtze River downstream area, climate comfort decreased with the elevation of was decreased. Spring in the Yangtze River basin all in the comfort range is from east to West first increased and then decreased, globally suitable for tourism; summer except for the upper reaches of the low latitude areas not suitable for tourism, which in the region of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River thermal discomfort the worst; autumn in most areas in the comfort range, which ten months for the golden tourism; winter UTCI index decreased with increasing latitude and with decreasing elevation decreases, winter in the upper reaches of Yangtze River than downstream area more suitable for was chosen as a tourist destination.3. To summarize the study area and the length of the time period. Tourism in the Yangtze River Valley of appropriate travel long period to the southwest to the northeast with increasing latitude decreases, from west to East with altitude reduce and reduce, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Kunming and Guiyang in comfortable days the longest,225 and 192 days, respectively, in high latitude areas at the lower reaches of Hefei and Nanjing shortest for 133,134 days. In addition, the tourism climate of the Yangtze River Basin is mainly concentrated on the spring and autumn period, while the lower latitude regions in the upper reaches are comfortable in the spring and autumn and winter in the two seasons.4. According to the study area of the length period according in season of the division, the study area from the comfort to the discomfort is divided into four categories, the spring, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and downstream areas will be earlier than the central region into a comfortable period. First class for Shanghai and Guiyang, the second to Hefei, Nanjing, Chengdu, Hangzhou, third class for Changsha, the fourth class for Chongqing, Wuhan, Kunming, Nanchang. In summer, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River tourism climate comfortable degree to better than in the middle and lower reaches of urban areas, especially the upstream low latitude area suitable for selected for summer resort tourism destination, first class to Guiyang, the second class for Kunming, third class for Shanghai and Chengdu, the fourth class, Wuhan, Nanchang, Changsha, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Hefei, Nanjing. Autumn, in the upper and middle reaches of the still is comfortable with the lowest level of area, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River will than in the middle and lower reaches of the earlier fall into comfortable period, first to Kunming, Guiyang, Chengdu, the second to Hefei, Shanghai, Nanjing, Chongqing, the third category of Changsha, Hangzhou, the fourth class of Wuhan and Nanchang; in winter, upstream of the low latitude region than in other parts of the comfort is stronger, more suitable for as a cold winter tourism destination. The first category is Kunming, the second category is Wuhan, Nanchang, Chongqing, Changsha, Hangzhou, the third, Chengdu, Hefei, Shanghai, Guiyang, Nanjing. Overall, the type of fitness is divided into four types of four seasons, summer type, spring and autumn type of three categories.5. Discussing 11 city 30 years UTCI index changes and features, in addition to the upper reaches of Guiyang and the Yangtze River downstream of Nanjing, the golden tourism belt of most of the city’s UTCI index was significantly increased, the overall upward trend reaches 0.6 ℃/10a; one of Hefei, Chengdu’s largest increase (1.1 ℃ /10a, 1℃/10a), followed by the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Nanchang, Shanghai, Hangzhou (0.76℃/10a and 0.6℃/10a and 0.5℃/10a), Chongqing, Wuhan, Changsha increased slightly (0.1℃/10a,0.3℃/10a and 0.07 ℃/10a); in 10a, the phase contrast UTCI index the maximum value, mainly concentrated on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Wuhan, Nanchang, Changsha. Under the background of climate warming, UTCI index increase will exacerbate the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area in summer "hot" and "comfort" status, also UTCI index downward trend will strengthen in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the winter cold is not comfortable. |
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