Operation Analysis And Ordered Charging-discharging Of The Battery Swapping Station

Electric vehicles have prominent advantages on energy saving and environment protection. Promoting the widespread of electric vehicles has great significance to reduce dependence on fossil oil from other countries, protect the national energy security and achieve sustainable economic and social development. Therefore, many countries around the world employed a number of policies to support and encourage the development of electric vehicles. On one hand, it can achieve energy saving and reduce the emissions in transport sector by developing electric vehicles. On the other hand, it can alleviate oil crisis of some oil-less countries by reducing the fossil fuel consumption on vehicles with internal combustion engine.The construction of charging infrastructure is essential pledge for the widespread of electric vehicles. Besides, as service facilities of electric vehicles to supply power, the centralized charging station or battery swapping station is appropriate to promote the deployment of electric vehicles in early phase because they could realize unified deployment, unified service, and unified maintenance. In recent years, the development of electric vehicles and the construction of charging stations in the pilot cities already has some operational experience. In order to realize the marketization of the charging infrastructure, the research on the economical operation and the factors that influence the operation as well as the impact on the power load of grid is needed. Only the subject of charging infrastructure realize gains on the process of operation, the more investments may be attracted to put into the construction of infrastructure. The more infrastructures increase the confidence of consumers to buy electric vehicles, which promote the development of electric vehicles.This paper establishes the operation model of battery swapping stations, which regards the maximum of the daily profits as the objective value and considers the demand for batteries swapping, the total batteries balance in the battery swapping station and other constraints. Based on the specific configurations of Gaoantun Battery Swapping Station and the data of the electric taxis in Beijing, we simulate the operation and the load of the station under 9 kinds of scenarios and get some results on that. The results show that the model could achieve the maximum target of the daily profit. In addition, according to the sensitivity analysis, the service price for changing batteries is the most sensitive, the number of the batteries in the station is next and the operation and maintenance costs is less sensitive. Based on the relevant research, we could realize the ordered charging and discharging through increasing the quantity of the batteries in the stations or implementing the demand side response of price in some extent. The model established in this paper could realize the profits of the subject of the charging stations. The operation by the method of the model pledges the sustainable power supply for the electric vehicles and provide the theory reference for studying the how the battery swapping stations attend the operation of the grid in the later stage of the large-scale of electric vehicles.