Research On Rural Welfare Institution Occupancy Rate

The five guarantees are the most disadvantaged and the most vulnerable groups in rural areas, increasing emphasis on rural five guarantees work is an important measure to alleviate rural poverty, narrow the urban-rural gap and build a moderately prosperous society. But in reality, while government has invested heavily in rural five guarantees, welfare institutions still got lots of vacancy beds, which cause great waste of resources. What affect the current occupancy rate of the welfare institutions is worth to think considerably.Based on rational choice theory and field research in six towns of Hubei Province, this paper gives a comprehensive analysis the question mentioned above from micro-level of welfare and the five guarantees. The results show that:Firstly, the factors that influence the five guarantees to choose to stay in welfare institutions mainly include survival factors, economic factors, social factors. Survival factor is the primary factor, which include basic living skills and housing conditions; economic factors means the amount of personal income the five guarantees obtained; social factors include the degree of the five guarantees depending on relatives and community life, yearning for freedom lifestyle as well as the extent of recognition to the quality of life of welfare services. Secondly, the ability and willingness of the number of people the welfare institution receiving is another important factor. The ability depend on welfare services, management capability and welfare facilities situation; and the willingness mainly depends on the national macro-policy orientation and the implementation and supervision of policy.This paper is divided into five chapters:The first chapter describes the background, theoretical basis, previous literature, research methods, innovations and shortcomings of this article; The second chapter talks about historical evolution and current situation of rural five guarantees in Hubei; Thirdly, it analyzes the basic characteristics, the material living conditions and utilization rate of welfare beds through field research. The fourth chapter is the key part of this paper, it analyzes the factors that affect the occupancy rate of the welfare institutions from rational perspective of welfare house and the five guarantees. Based on the previous studies, the fifth chapter discusses ideal occupancy rate of the welfare institutions and its realization approach.