Study On SiO₂ Aerogel Material By Ultrasonic Turning Technology

As a kind of nanometre material with high quality,SiO₂ aerogel has many excellent features such as high porosity,strong hydrophobicity,low thermal conductivity,which has a wide application prospect in many fields.Because of the special structure of SiO₂,it belongs to the typical hard-processing materials which is easy to make the material appear damaged,cracked,and surface burr and so on by the common mechanical processing method.At present,the SiO₂ aerogel part is made by curing molding technology,but the manufacturing cost of curing molding technology is relatively high,and the process is complex,which limits the application of SiO₂ aerogel materials to a certain extent.Therefore,this paper is pointed at the method of mechanical processing to machining the SiO₂ aerogel,introduces the ultrasonic machining method and regards SiO₂ aerogel by ultrasonic turning process as the research object.The feasibility and superiority of ultrasonic cutting SiO₂ aerogel were verified by cutting force test,and the significant influence of cutting force by cutting parameters.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:?1?According to the characteristics of SiO₂ aerogel and the characteristics of ultrasonic vibration,the cutting method of vertical feed and cutting tool is studied and designed.Secondly,in order to meet the requirement of cutting process in SiO₂ aerogel material and make the cutting edge of the cutting tools more sharp,the structure of the cutting tool is further designed on the basis of common tool structure.?2?According to the principle of ultrasonic vibration,the vibration system of ultrasonic turning SiO₂ aerogel material is designed,which includes the frequency equation of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer,and the concrete structure size is calculated.Finally,simulation analysis is carried out on the design of the vibration system,and the load condition and the actual operating frequency and vibration of the cutting tool are determined,and the total displacement of the vibration system is analyzed.?3?Ultrasonic cutting experiments on SiO₂ aerogel materials are conducted.In the comparison of the single parameter changes in two kinds of cutting conditions of ultrasonic vibration and non-ultrasonic vibration,the effect of ultrasonic vibration cutting method on the cutting force of cutting SiO₂ aerogel materials was studied.By means of orthogonal experiment,the influence of cutting speed,cutting depth and feed rate on cutting force are analyzed by using the method of direct analysis and analysis of variance,the cutting force experience formula is obtained based on the regression analysis of the test results.At last,in the two cases of ultrasonic vibration and non-ultrasonic vibration,the surface quality of SiO₂ aerogel materials was compared,and the influence of different processing methods on the surface quality of parts was analyzed.