| With the rapid development of economy, power energy has become an indispensable energy. It plays a vital role in the economic development and improvement of people’s living standard. As an important sector of energy output, more and more power plants have been built. For many plants which adopt once-through cooling water system as their cooling methods, environmental and ecological problems will be caused by large quantity of heated effluent that discharges into the adjacent water continuously. The growth and reproduction of fish, algae and other species which living in the water will be affected seriously. And the various components of the ecosystem species are interrelated and influenced each other. Thus, the entire aquatic ecosystem and environment will be affected by the thermal discharge.Firstly, the FLUENT software was used to simulate the thermal discharge of the bottom vertical type in this paper. Then, the results for the bottom vertical type were compared with the experimental ones in the known literature, which are consistent. Thus, the method can be used to simulate temperature distributions of the lateral central type, lateral bottom type, same flow type. And the temperature diffusion laws of the thermal discharge in each layout and the extents of the ecological impact of the aquatic environment was analyzed. Finally, the ecological and environmental effects of the different layouts of thermal discharge on fish, algae, zooplankton, zoobenthos--four thermal impact indicators in summer and winter were evaluated comprehensively by a comprehensive index evaluation method. The impact characteristics and laws of the different arrangement of thermal discharge on water environment and ecology were summarized. The maximum and minimum temperature drainage arrangement for the impact on the aquatic environment and ecosystems were put forward, and hence, a reference evidence for selecting the optimal actual engineering of thermal discharge was provided. |
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