The Synthesis And Properties Research Of A New Corn Stalk Base Sand-Fixation And Dust Suppressant

The open source of dust which comes from the construction site, road, bare land, open yard, mine field, port and pier is an important source of the urban dust. This kind of open source of dust is difficult to control and seriously affected the urban air quality. A new corn stalk base sand-fixation and dust suppressant has been synthesized through semi-continuous method. During the synthesizing experiment, choosing butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as soft and hard monomer, acrylamide(AM) as functional monomer, dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and OP-10 as the mixed emulsifier, ammonium persulfate(APS) as initiator, grafted with processed alkali corn stalk, synthesized initial product. The initial product can be dilute with water to specified solid content and formed the sand-fixation and dust suppressant.The main contents and results of this paper:1. The part of Synthetic experiment and its results:Studied the influence of monomer ratio, dosage of functional monomer, internal ratio of mixed emulsifier and dosage of mixed emulsifier, dosage of initiator, dosage of processed alkali corn stalk, reaction temperature on the polymer properties. Viscosity, compression strength, product appearance, product smell, emulsion stability, film-forming condition as the evaluation criterion, the optimum synthetic process conditions is:the monomer ratio was mBA:mMMA=7:3; the dosage of AM, mixed emulsifier(mSDBs:mOp-10= 7:3), APS, processed alkali corn stalk is 2%? 5%?0.6%?5%(percentages refer to the material mass fraction of mixed monomers), respectively; reaction temperature is 75??The reaction proceeded stably under the designed synthetic process, and the discharge products have good traits?2. Property characterization and its results:Using solid content, viscosity, FTIR, HPLC, XRD, TG-DTA, TEM to characterize the property of the sand-fixation and dust suppressant. The results show that the crystalline of natural corn straw increased from 13.37% to 66.78% after alkali treatment, acrylamide was completely reaction, processed alkali corn stalk grafted with monomers successfully. The solid content is 44.04%. Diameter of the latex particles is basically identical. It has well dispersity and will not decompose under 312.3?.3. Applicability test and its results:Using SEM, compression strength, hydroscopicity, water retaining property, freezing-thaw resistance, wind erosion resistance, water erosion resistance, degradability to evaluate the applicability of the sand-fixation and dust suppressant. The results show that sand-fixation and dust suppressant filling and adhesion between the grains of sand, making the grains of sand tightly bound, forming a consolidation layer. It has excellent water conservation and tenacity, can buffer the ambient pressure through self-deformation. Wind erosion, water erosion, freezing-thaw, degradability experiment show that the sand-fixation and dust suppressant has good applicability, and it can be degraded.In conclusion, the new corn stalk base sand-fixation and dust suppressant in this paper has a simple and efficient synthetic process, cheap raw materials, stable product characteristic, good applicability. The use of corn stalk is a kind of wastes reuse, realized treat pollution using wastes. From two aspects, respectively, achieved the environmental protection. The sand-fixation and dust suppressant has broad application prospects.