Analysis Of Spillover Effects Of The International Carbon Emissions Based On The MRIO Model

The reduction of global carbon emissions and the sharing of responsibility for carbon emissions not only need to stand in the perspective of the producer but also should stand in the perspective of consumer.This paper employs data from the World Input-Output Database to develop a multi-regional input-output(MRIO) model, calculating the data of 1995-2011 years and drawing the conclusion. Drawn from the national level:Firstly,the developed countries are the main consumers of carbon emissions, and developing countries are the main producer of carbon emissions.Secondly,each country's consumption-based carbon emissions spillover to other countries mainly through the directly imported carbon emission effect and indirect trade carbon emission effect.Thirdly, China is gradually becoming more and more countries'carbon emissions pool. Drawn from the department level:Firstly,the consumption-based carbon emissions is higher than the production-based carbon emissions of service department of the 40 countries (regions) except Denmark, which weakened the traditional view of "low pollution" of service department. Secondly, the developing countries is more dependment on the non-service sector than the developed countries,the carbon emission of service sector mainly overflow to"Electricity, Gas and Water Supply"?"Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal"?"Chemicals and Chemical Products"?"Coke, Refined Petroleum and Nuclear Fuel"?"Mining and Quarrying"and"Other Non-Metallic Mineral"six non-service sectors. Thirdly,as for China and United States,the service category that induced the largest emissions is service from "Health and Social Work" and "Public Admin and Defence".The approaches of carbon emission reduction in China includes:carbon emission reduction in foreign trade and carbon emission reduction in service sector. Carbon emission reduction in foreign trade:Firstly,China should reduce the foreign trade with Brazil and increase the foreign trade with Russia. Secondly,in terms of carbon emission reduction through import,China should increase the import of "Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing"?"Mining and Quarrying"?"Food, Beverages and Tobacco"?"Pulp, Paper, Paper, Printing and Publishing" from Brazil.China should increase the import of "Mining and Quarrying"?"Pulp, Paper, Paper, Printing and Publishing"?"Electricity, Gas and Water Supply" and "Construction" from Russia.China should increase the import of "Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing" from India. Thirdly, In terms of carbon emission reduction through export,China should encourage the sectors whose fully carbon emission intensity is relatively low to export,and try to avoid the export of high fully carbon emission intensity. Carbon emission reduction in service sector:Firstly,China should vigorously develop "Real Estate Activities"?"Financial Intermediation" etc five sectors whose fully carbon emission intensity is relatively low. Secondly,China should require "Post and Telecommunications"?"Real Estate Activities" etc five sectors to take more responsibility for carbon emission.