Retrospective Evaluation Of Water Environmental Protection Policy In Xiaoqing River Basin

As the source of life,the element of production and the base of ecological,water is not only the essential elements of human existence,but also the key factor that restricting the development of ecological environment protection and social economic.With the constant improvement of the degree of urbanization and industrialization,the population continues to increase,social and economic develops rapidly,no matter whether industrial production or lives of inhabitants all need to consume large amounts of water.As a consequence,more and more waste water directly discharged into nearby river,causing serious pollution to the water environment.For decades,the Chinese government has adopted a series of relevant policies and measures to try to improve the serious water pollution situation.After decades of efforts to control water pollution,the momentum of serious water pollution in China has basically been contained.Xiaoqing River Basin as a tie to connect the Capital City Economic Group,Yellow River Delta high-efficiency ecological economic zone and the Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula,playing a decisive role in the development of economy and society of Shandong Province.The area,Xiaoqing River flows through,is a high degree of economic and social development of Shandong Province which characterized by more dense population,high level of industrialization and urbanization.As the primary river that accepted sewage from cities in basin,a large amount of sanitary sewage and the industrial wastewater dispersed into the water body.After years of rapid economic development,the problem of environmental pollution in Xiaoqing River Basin has become increasingly worse and the ecological environment has worsened which restricted the development of society economy.Over the years,the governments of Shandong province and cities along the river have introduced relevant policies to governance Xiaoqing River.After years of efforts,water quality of Xiaoqing River has improved,but the river is still one of the basic with worst water quality in Shandong Province.This paper retrospectively analyzes the water environmental governance policies of Xiaoqing River Basin in various periods.And then evaluates the environmental effects of water environmental protection policy by the method that analyses the water quality change trend of the river after the introduction of policies in Xiaoqing River Basin.This paper have great theoretical significance and practical significance for ecological environment protection and formulation and implementation of subsequent water environmental protection policy.This paper first retrospectively analyses the water environment protection policies implemented of various periods in Xiaoqing River Basin.And on this basis,the research selects Mulizhuang Section,Huanxiangdian Section,Damatou Section,Xinfengzhuang Section,Fuqiao Section,Shicun Section,Yangkou Section as the research objects from the source to the mouth.Then the paper analyses the water quality change trend and polluted water discharging situation of main pollutant together with the industrial wastewater treatment rate change trend between 1991 and 2014.And this article appraises the effect and effectiveness of water environmental protection policies.It is found in this paper that the water environmental quality of Xiaoqing River Basin was improved obviously from 1991 to 2014 along with the implementation of water environmental protection policies.The water quality indexes of all sections have dropped obviously and the water quality of all sections can reach the corresponding water quality standards in addition to the ammonia concentration of Huanxiangdian Section,Damatou Section and Xinfengzhuang Section in upstream of Xiaoqing River.The emissions of major pollutants of cities in Xiaoqing River Basin had been controlled effectively.The standard discharge rate of industrial wastewater as well as the treatment rate of municipal wastewater can reach a high level.And the standard discharge rate of industrial wastewater can reach 100%,the treatment rate of municipal wastewater can reach 90%,respectively.There is a good correlation between water quality change trend and the implementation of water environmental protection policies.When implementation of government policy was intensified,the water quality each section in the basin improved,and once policy appears discontinuous,water quality will be deteriorated.In the end of the paper,it analyses the shortcoming of water environmental protection policies and put forward some suggestions on policies.