| Since the reform and opening up,the urbanization process of China has made remarkable achievements.However,accompanied by "urban diseases",such as traffic congestion,air pol lution and so on,has also need people strong sense of attention."Waste siege" is also one of the "urban diseases".In recent years,waste management has gradually become the impor tant content of urban governance.Since the nineties of last century,China gradually recogni zed the importance of classification of domestic waste for urban waste management,carried out the waste classification pilot work,and took various waste classification policy instrume nts including command control,economic incentives and social participation to achieve the objectives.But after more than ten years of pilot work in cities,the classification affection is not ideal,and has not formed experience that can popularize this policy all over the cou ntry.There are many reasons for the failure of waste classification pilot work;the selection pr ocess of policy instruments is one of the reasons.Policy implementation process is essential s the selection process of policy tools,which is the key to determine the success or failure of the policy.Therefore,based on the perspective of policy instruments,the author focuses on the main line of "how to choose the appropriate policy instruments to promote the class ification of municipal domestic waste ",and systematically study the policy instruments of domestic waste classification in Chinese cities.The author believes that,in order to improve domestic waste classification work,we need to pay attention to the defects in the application of domestic waste classification policy inst ruments,give full play to the effect of optimizing the combination of various policy instru ments tools,and optimize the external environment of implementing policy instruments.The government departments should assume the responsibility of top-level design and system ma tching.The government should also improve relative laws,regulations and institutional fram ework,pay attention to play the role of interest mechanism,so as to promote the participati on of social forces,nurture social trust.After the scientific mechanism operates well,it will in turn promote the development of domestic waste classification,and ultimately promote t he realization of goals of municipal waste management.The full paper is divided into five parts:the introduction part mainly illustrates the backg round of topic,research significance,research ideas,and review related research of the poli cy instruments theory at home and abroad.The second part summarizes the theory of polic y instruments and the concept of waste classification,which underlies the theoretical basis f or this research;this part also summarizes the domestic and international waste classification,which underlies a practical basis for this study.The third part analyzes the policy instrume nts of domestic waste classification in Chinese metropolises,and discusses the policy objecti ve,the concrete content,the practical results and the reasons for the inefficiency of the pol icy of living waste classification.The fourth part discusses the concrete practice of the poli cy of living waste classification in Germany,Japan and Taipei,and makes a comparative an alysis of the domestic and foreign waste classification policy instruments,sums up its advan tages for reference,such as "extension of producer responsibility" "compulsory garbage class ification" "promotion of recycling through industry associations"" harsh penalties while violat ing regulations" and so on.The fifth part discusses the development direction of China's w aste classification in future;puts forward the idea of combination of various policy tools,a nd optimize the external environment of implementing policy tools,and pay attention to the improvement of practitioners and participants of waste classification policy instruments,in order to achieve good effect of municipal domestic waste treatment. |
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