Research On Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste Classification Policy Tools

The management of domestic waste is crucial to the management of ecological environment.Under the vision of "green water and green mountains",people are paying more and more attention to the protection of ecological environment,and requirement to the context of urban life.In recent years,China has been taking great importance to the issue of domestic waste management.From the exploration in pilot cities,to the overall start in all prefecturelevel cities in China,waste classification has become a new fashion.As one of the pilot cities and non-waste cities in China,Chongqing has achieved preliminary results in waste classification.In the past year of the implement of “Procedures of Chongqing Municipality on the Administration of Domestic Waste”,new measures,e.g.,the four-level instructor system for waste classification and the whole life intelligent management of domestic waste,have become the highlights in the process of exploration of waste classification in Chongqing.However,the realizing of domestic waste reduction,resource utilization,and harmlessization cannot be achieved overnight.As a long-term work covering all citizens,a more comprehensive system of laws and regulations is required as an institutional guarantee of waste classification.The implementation of legal system also requires scientific and reasonable means and methods,i.e.,policy tools.In the stage of policy formulation,it is necessary to consider the appropriate policy tools that can be adopted in policy implementation,the characteristics of the policy tools,the essential attributes of the policy issue,the experiences of the policy tools used in the past,the acceptability of the public,etc.In the stage of policy implementation,the essence of policy implementation is a process of utilizing policy tools to achieve the policy objectives.Policy implementation without the utilization of policy tools is meaningless.Therefore,for policy formulation and implementation,the study of policy tools is of great significance.From the perspective of policy tools,this dissertation focuses on the main line of "how to optimize policy tools to promote the classification of municipal domestic waste",and systematically studies the policy tools for municipal domestic waste classification in Chongqing.From the author's viewpoint,to improve the effectiveness of the policy of waste classification,the government departments should pay attention to the deficiencies in the implement of waste classification policy tools,sufficiently take the advantages of each policy tool,focus on the innovation of policy tools,supplement formulations of laws and regulations,and establish a complete institutional framework for waste classification work.This dissertation divides the waste classification policy tools into three types: commandand-control type,economic incentive type,and public participation policy type,and conducts research based on this classification method.The dissertation is organized as the following five parts.The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the research,and the status of domestic and international situation of related research on policy tools and waste classification.The second chapter demonstrates related concepts of domestic waste classification,policy tools,etc.,and the theories of public goods and social governance.The third chapter introduces the application status of the three types of policy tools of Shanghai,Xiamen,Leipzig,and Tokyo.The fourth chapter starts with the introduction of the current status of municipal domestic waste classification in Chongqing,including management status,current policy review,and analysis of policy objectives,followed by the discussions of the applications of three types of policy tools in Chongqing.The fifth chapter based on a comparative analysis with domestic and international cities which are advanced in waste classification,reveals the problems and existing in the policy tools of municipal domestic waste classification in Chongqing and the causes of these problems.The sixth chapter proposes the optimizing advices for policy tools of municipal domestic waste classification in Chongqing.