Study On Oil Extraction From Camellia Oleif Era Seed By An Enzymatic Method

Camellia oleifera oil was extracted from the seed of Camelliaceae Camellia oleifera Abel.This oil was one of the oldest Chinese edible vegetable oil from ligneous plant.People in Mountain and hilly area in southern part Of Zhejiang province had thousands of years'old history in cultivating Camellia oleifera Abel.Camellia oleifera oil had a high medicinal value and had been ranked as the medicinal oil by Chinese Pharmacopoeia(95).The processes for oil extraction were including expelling method,solvent extraction method,supercritical fluid extraction method,enzyme-assisted extraction method and so on.Enzymatic extraction technology was split into enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction method,enzyme-assisted expelling method,enzyme-assisted solvent extraction method and enzymatic hydrolysis in water phase solvent extraction method.All methods had their merit and demerit.This work was introducing an enzyme-assisted expelling process to extract oil from the seed of Camellia oleifera Abel and optimized the extraction conditions.After single-factor test,the best enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were content of enzyme 3%,pH 7.0,moisture content 44.4%,temperature 40 ? and extraction time 18 h.On the basis of single factor,the optimized condition(pH 6.82,water doses 4.18 mL,temperature 45 ?)was obtained by Response Surface Design.And at the optimized conditions residual oil rate of press cake was 8.60%(much smaller than the control 9.97%)after enzyme-assisted expelling process.Therefore,enzymatic pretreatment before expelling could improve the oil yield.Secondly,the condition of residual oil extraction from press cake was investigated.After single-factor test,the best condition was obta ined,that was one time extraction,solvent dosage 11 mL/10 g press cake,extraction temperature 40?,diameter height ratio 1/13.6and par ticle size 60.And at the optimized conditions the oil yield could rea ch 90%,and residual oil rate Less than 1%.Through the research of the mechanism of enzymatic extraction process,a conclusion could be obtain that part of cell structures of Camellia oleifera seed were destroyed after mechanical comminution.And cell structures were further destroyed during the enzymatic extraction process because of cells expanding after absorbing water.Oil from broken cells passed to bounds,and been dyed orange by Sudan III.The mechanical force could help the oil in the cells deliver to the bounds.The comparison of enzymatic pretreated seed press cake with control on residual oil extraction showed enzymatic pretreated seed press cake was easier to extract the residual oil.