Technology And Quality Of Camellia Seed Oil Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction

Tea plant (Camellia sinensis and Camellia oleifera Abel) is our unique ediblewoody oil and economic crops in the south of China. In this paper, the aqueousenzymatic extraction process was optimized of Camellia oleifera Abel seed,comparative analysis of the two types of tea seeds and tea oil were conducted, andtea oil storage stability and comprehensive utilization of tea seed meal were explored.The main conclusions were as follows:1、Determined the composition of the two types of tea seed, tea seed nut wasmainly had fat, polysaccharides, saponins, total nitrogen, and starch, Camelliaoleifera Abel seed nut was45.82%,23.16%,9.27%,8.37%and17.10%, respectively.Saponin, crude fiber, total sugars, polyphenols and starch was contented in tea seedshell, Camellia oleifera Abel seed shell was22.96%,59.85%,8.43%,5.38%and18.73%, respectively, is rich in Fe, Mn and Zn. With tea seed shells and kernelscomposition, it is found only oil seed nut fat content than tea seed nut (26.36%),were lower than the other ingredients of tea seeds.2、Aqueous enzymatic extraction process was optimized of Camellia oleiferaAbel seed, the best conditions for: the steam processing time for25min,centrifugation speed of2400rpm,5min, solid-liquid ratio1:06, while adding twoenzymes, Genencor α-amylase: Pombo alkaline protease=1:1, complex enzymedosage1.0%, enzymatic hydrolysis time4h, freeze-thaw demulsification method,the tea oil yield of85.12%.3、Compare the quality of aqueous enzymatic extraction, solvent extraction,cold pressed extraction and hot pressed extraction of Camellia oleifera Abel seed oiland Camellia sinensis seed oil. Aqueous enzymatic extraction oil of the Camelliaoleifera Abel seed close to the refined oil. Acid value, peroxide value andphospholipid content were lowest, unsaponifiables and iodine value content wererelatively high,10.8%of the saturated fatty acid, oleic and linoleic acid content of79.7%,8.6%, respectively. Vitamin E and squalene content of Camellia sinensis seedoil were higher than Camellia oleifera Abel seed oil, and other quality slightly worse, the darker color and stronger odor. The unsaturated fatty acid content of17.8%,oleic acid content of58.2%, linoleic acid content of22.5%. Camellia sinensis seed oilwas similar as refined oil and did not reach the quality requirements.4、Study the storage stability about aqueous enzymatic extraction oil of Camelliaoleifera Abel seed, and contrast with hot pressed extraction oil. With the change oftemperature, time and anti-oxidant contents, acid value and peroxide value ofaqueous enzymatic extraction oil varying degrees beyond crude national qualitystandards. The aqueous enzymatic extraction crude oil of Camellia oleifera Abel seedstorage stability was as follows: Room Temperature crude oil<BHT-L crude oil<BHT-M crude oil <BHT-H crude oil <4℃crude oil<-20℃crude oil.5、After oil extraction, the oil seed utilization results showed that ethanolextraction polysaccharides and saponin get superior than other methods,ultrafiltration and ethanol precipitation alcohol content of each component are asfollows: Polysaccharide percentage of60.01%,57.56%, the yield was12.36%,23.41%, and the saponin percentage of36.08%,34.16%, the yield was15.05%,31.87%, the acid sugar content of up to7.28%,8.47%, Protein content of6.58%,3.69%. After ultrafiltration treating, the molecular weight of polysaccharide at5000Da and above was greater than97%, mainly concentrated in the range of5101~309.85×10~4Da. Tea seed meal polysaccharide mainly containing arabinose,glucose, mannose and galactose, and the alcohol extraction contents of glucose were3to8times than other methods. The protein extraction rate of25.74%, the starchpurity of87.25%, the yield was10.17%.