Extract And Separate Active Substance Form Exocarpium Benincasae And The Functional Research

Abundant in East Asia and South Asia,Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn,also called white cucumber,is an annual herb.As it is easy to grow and storable,Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn has high productivity and is easy to transport.The pulp of Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn is white,crisp and juicy with low level of calories and no fat.It is rich in nutrients like carbohydrate,protein,vitamin,trace elements and dietary fiber,and is especially high in Vc content,making it a very popular kind of vegetable in China.In industrial processing,Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn is mainly used to make the filling of mooncakes,maltose,preserved fruit,beverage,or used as the raw material for functional foods.According to the extent document,every part of Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn is of much value.Its pulp,seed and skin can all be used as medicine.Long-term consumption of its pulp helps to induce diuresis to reduce edema,to protect kidney by detoxification,and even to improve one's appearance and looks.Its seed,also called semen benincasae,has the function of eliminating the pulmonary heat,resolving phlegm and relieving cough,and of apocenosis.Therefore,it is an important medicine for lung and large intestine problems.Its skin,called exocarpium benincasae,mainly deals with anasarca and difficulties in micturitioncan by clearing damp-heat and detumescence.However,in everyday life and in food processing,only the pulp is used properly.Semen benincasae and exocarpium benincasae are discarded as garbage,resulting in environmental pollution as well as a great waste of resources.With the help of modern experimental technology,many scholars have studied Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn and its by-products,semen benincasae and exocarpium benincasae,through experiment,and these studies are proofs of their high nutritional value and medicinal value.Based on the previous studies,this thesis chooses the easily collective and the largely discarded exocarpium benincasae as the object of study,endeavoring to conduct an omnidirectional study on exocarpium benincasae,which is from the preparation and drying technique to the optimization of extraction and separation of bioactives,and then to the study of the functional property of the extracts.A complete research programme is thus set up for studying the extraction of bioactives from exocarpium benincasae as well as their efficacy,providing data support for future development of relevant functional foods or drugs.In this experiment,the preparation,drying,extraction and separation of exocarpium benincasae are firstly studied by applying different ways of slicing,drying,extraction and separation.The changes of the content of nutrients and bioactives show that when the slices are of the same thickness,the fresher the skin is,the higher the content of nutrients and bioactives will be.For slices with the same level of freshness and the same dry basis,those with less pulp and thinner(about 1mm in thickness)are higher in the content of protein and bioactives,which is also a poof of the higher content of protein and bioactives in exocarpium benincasae than in the pulp.The changes of the content of flavonoid,polyphenol and total triterpene in exocarpium benincasae show that bioactives in exocarpium benincasae are only slightly affected when vacuum microwave drying technique is used to dry fresh exocarpium benincasae,and therefore,it is the best drying technique.This experiment also deals with optimization of the extraction of total triterpenes from exocarpium benincasae,which is a kind of bioactives with high content in exocarpium benincasae.The optimum sample concentration and flow velocity are recognized,and the optimal eluent combination is selected from different extraction and separation components.Finally,on the foundation of the above research,the exocarpium benincasae is extracted,and crude extracts from various extraction sites are obtained.Then their antioxidant activity is put to the test(ABTS method,DPPH method,Hydroxyl Radical method),and so is their antibacterial activity.It is found that these extracts show certain antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity,and the crude extracts from ethyl acetate exhibit the highest antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity,which can be the focus for studying further separation and purification.This thesis is finished based on the project “Study and Demonstration on Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Vegetable By-products”.It has achieved the goal of studying the development and utilization technique of exocarpium benincasae,by-product of Exocarpium Benincasae Hispida Cogn,through experiment,which provides data support for developing the medicinal value and functional property of exocarpium benincasae.