Synthesis Of High Quality Biofuel Using Dimerization-hydrogenation Reaction Of Pinene

The growing environmental problems and the gradual depletion of fossil fuels that forces people to seek green,clean renewable energy.In recent years,high quality biofuel had attracted much attention due to its high density,high stability and high calorific value.This paper takes the renewable pinene as raw materials.Through the selection,design,synthesis and optimization of new catalysts,it catalyzed dimerization-hydrogenation of pinene as high quality biofuel efficiently,and the fuel properties were studied.The major research results of this dissertation include the following aspects:Through screening of lewis acid and proton acid,we found that the dimerization of pinene by boron trifluoride ethyl ether catalyst had higher activity and selectivity.When BF3·OEt2 as catalyst,CH2Cl2 as the solvent and reaction 2 h,the yield of dimers can reach 55.54%.The crude product can be pure pinene dimers by vacuum distillation after reaction.The dimerization-hydrogenation products of pinene were acquired by hydrogenation reaction of pinene dimers and its combustion performance was detected,indicting that it was an ideal renewable and high quality biofuel due to compare to combustion performance of US fuel.The diatomic modified mesoporous material B-Al-MCM-41 catalyst was synthesized by the hydrothermal method,and characterized by the XRD,TEM,FT-IR,NH3-TPD and N2 adsorption analysis,which showed that the catalyst has highly ordered mesoporous structure.B-Al-MCM-41 had two cooperative acid sites,B and Al,and shows higher acidity in selective dimerization of ?-pinene reaction than B-MCM-41 and Al-MCM-41.The yield of the dimerization of ?-pinene catalyzed by B-Al-MCM-41 can reach up to 62.82% under a low catalyst dosage of 2%,and the catalyst displayed a good activity over 4 runs.Moreover,the influence of a variety of reaction parameters on the selective formation of pinene dimers had also been studied.A new type of bimetallic palladium and aluminum incorporated MCM-41 mesoporous materials(Pd-Al-MCM-41)as bifunctional catalyst had been hydrothermally synthesized.Characterization showed that these molecular materials exhibit an ordered mesoporous structure,high surface area and a good dispersion of palladium in the framework.The catalytic activity of the Pd-Al-MCM-41 for dimerization-hydrogenation reaction system of ?-pinene in one pot had been systematic studied.Pd0.5-Al30-MCM-41(SiO2/Al2O3 = 30,0.5% palladium content)was found to be the best catalyst which gave a dimer yield of up to 64.67%.It is worth noting that palladium showed a good synergic catalytic effect with aluminum in the dimerization reaction and enhanced the dimerization yield.Furthermore,the bifunctional catalyst displayed a good activity over 4 runs.