Submerged Culture And Spolysaccharide Activities Of Lactarius Akahatsu And Lactarius Hatsudake

Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake belong to Eumycota,Basidiomycotina,Hymenomycetes,Agaicales,Russulaceae,Lactarius.It is probably insufficient to know Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake of people in Guizhou Province,ordinarily mistaken them as the same kind of fungi.Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake is nutritious,which contain protein,amino acids,lipids,carbohydrates,nucleotides,vitamins and other mineral elements and chemical composition,they are certain edible and medicinal value.Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake is a mycorrhizal fungi of Masson pine and Oak,and also is a precious wild edible mushroom.Because of the special and complex growth environment,it is not yet commercialized artificial cultivation,combined with the destruction of the original ecological environment and human disorderly excavation,lead to a sharp decline of both two kinds of Lactarius production.Nowadays,there is not enough fruiting bodies to meet the market and medicinal research.To further define the growing environment and active ingredients in fermentation of Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake,will lay the foundation for the development of the original habitat and the nutritious health products of developing,the discovery of new natural medicine and pesticide lead compounds.The main results of this study are as follows:1.Investigation and analyses of environment factors of the species Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake in Guizhou Province,China.The results showed the species,quantity,biodiversity index of the community of Lactarius hatsudake is higher than the community of Lactarius akahatsu.Its vegetation is evenness and the community stability is the highest.The community of Lactarius hatsudake than Lactarius akahatsu small slope,crownmacro-funga and high humidity,deep thickness of humus layer,low soil pH.2.Through the establishment of mathematical model,the optimizing results of environment of Lactarius akahatsu ware: Rotate speed was 156 r/min,temperature was 23?,liquid volume was 114 mL,initial pH was 5.1,the theoretical values were 10.69 g/L of fermentation biomass.The optimizing results of environment of Lactarius hatsudake ware: Rotate speed was 160 r/min,temperature was 25?,liquid volume was 108 mL,initial pH was 5.5,the theoretical values were 10.98 g/L of fermentation biomass.Primary and secondary factors affect the fermentation of biomass to liquid volume,initial pH,temperature,rotate speed.3.Optimized the mycelium polysaccharide extraction process of Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake on the basis of the singie faetor test and The antioxidant activity.Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake were extracted with ethyl acetate,petroleum ether,butanol in turn,bacteriostatic activity assay.The resultm is: The optimum condition for the extraction of Lactarius akahatsu polysaccharides were found to be a material/solvent ratio of 1:31.7(g/mL),temperature at 95.1 ?for 1.9 hour with 2 time,the theoretical values were 8.47% of Polysaccharide extraction rate;the optimum condition for the extraction of Lactarius hatsudake polysaccharides were found to be a material/solvent ratio of 1:31.8(g/mL),temperature at 94.9 ?for 1.8 hour with 2 time,the theoretical values were 9.16% of polysaccharide extraction rate.Primary and secondary factors affect the plysaccharide extraction to temperature,frequency,time,material/solvent ratio.The Lactarius akahatsu and Lactarius hatsudake polysaccharides had a strong capacity to scavenge DPPH· free radical,·OH free radical and O2-· free radical.Ethyl acetate extract of Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis has a certain extent,Detection by chemical means,but the active ingredient has not been determined.