From Government Centralized Management To Pluralistic Goverance-preliminary Study On Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park's Management Mode

Located in the western suburbs of Hangzhou,Xixi National Wetland Park is only 5kms away from West Lake and is a rare kind of secondary wetland within city in national wide.Three phases of Hangzhou Xixi Wetland comprehensive protection project were respectively completed in 2005,2007 and 2009,and Xixi National Wetland Park was opened to the public for touring purpose except of the core ecological protected zone.During 2007 to 2017,the park was under the management of the top-down government,and the park is directly administrated by Xixi Wetland Administrative Office set under Hangzhou city government.Benefit on this centralized management mode in the past 10 years,Xixi National Wetland Park has successfully balanced the relationship of wetland's ecological restoration,protection and management,utilization and realizing,and gained the "three wins" of Xixi wetland's ecological benefit,economic benefit and social benefit.But with the fast progress of ecological civilization and changing of its interior and external environments,the current government-centralized management gradually proposed some problems.For example,the west zone and east zone of the park are under the management of two separate governments,the government administrative structure and function are overlapped and confused,and excessive government intervention and etc.It's obvious that current management can't meet the need of Xixi wetland's long-term purpose as well as the new demand of the ecological plan of Hangzhou city.It's extremely urgent that Xixi National Wetland Park upgrades its management mode to meet those demands.As a staff of one of the functional departments in Xixi National Wetland Park,the author has experienced some obstacles and setbacks during the law enforcement,management,coordination and regulation.These experiences initiated my thinking and research on current management pattern of Xixi National Wetland Park.This article firstly summarizes the achievements of current management,and then figures out the present problems and causes in two sides:management body construction and operation machine,and proposes that Xixi National Wetland Park should work with the theory of pluralistic governance theory of public affairs.Finally,it proposes the measures of how to shift Xixi National Wetland Park from traditional solo-government management to the pluralistic governance management.For the reason of the difference between Chinese government management and the western countries',this paper modifies the western mode of pluralistic governance management according to the domestic reality,and call for establishing a new pluralistic governance management mode that is "government dominates with social participated,cooperative governance with multiple subjects assisting".The specific strategies include cultivating multiple subjects of markets and society,establishing and perfecting a pluralistic governance structure and mechanism,promoting multiple subjects safeguard and administrative jointly.